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Definition
| Achlorhydria is an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice. |
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Definition
| Lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat. |
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Definition
| Aphagia is a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow as a result of organic or psychological causes. |
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Definition
An abnormal accumulation of fluid with the peritoneal cavity.
The fluid contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| A borborygmus is an audible abdominal sound produced by the hyperactive intestinal peristalsis. Borborygmi are rumbling, gurgling, and tinkling noises heard when listening with a stethoscope. |
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Term
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Definition
| constipation is difficulty in passing stools or an incomplete or infrequent passage of hard stools. |
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Definition
| The portion of the body between the thorax (chest) and the pelvis; the diaphragm separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity. The stomach is located in the upper lest quadrant of the abdomen. |
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Definition
The passage of substances across and into tissues, such as the passage of digested foodmolecules into intestinal cells or the passage of liquids into kidney tubules. |
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Term
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Definition
| A musculomembranous tube, about 30 feet long, extending from the mouth of the anus and lined with mucous membrane. Also called the digestive tract or the gastrointestinal tract. |
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Term
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Definition
| An organic chemical compound composed of one or more basic amino groups and one or more acidic carboxyl groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| An enzyme that breaks down starch into smaller carbohydrate molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| The opening through which the solid water (feces) are eliminated from the body. |
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Definition
| A watery fluid containing albumin, glucose, and electrolytes that accumulates in the peritoneal cavity in association with certain disease conditions (such as liver disease). |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the two teeth between the molars and canines of the upper and lower jaw, the bicuspid teeth have a flat surface with multiple projections (cusps) for crushing and grinding food; also known as premolar tooth. |
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Term
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Definition
| A bitter, yellow-green secretion of the liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| The orange-yellow pigment of bile, formed principally by the breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells after termination of their normal life span. |
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Term
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Definition
| A ball-lik mass of chewed food (mixed with saliva) that is ready to be swallowed. |
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Definition
| The portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any one of the four teeth, two in each jaw, situated immediately lateral to the incisor teeth in the human dental arches; also called cuspid tooth. |
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Definition
| The muscular ring (sphincter) in the stomach that controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach; also known as the lower esophageal sphincter. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cul-de-sac containing the first part of the large intestine. It joins the ileum, the largest segment of the small intestine. |
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Term
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Definition
| A record, or X-ray film, of the bile ducts following the injection of a contrast medium. |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of a stone (calculus) in the common bile duct. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal presence of gallstones in the gallbladder. |
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Term
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Definition
| The liquidlike material of partially digested food and digestive secretions found in the stomach just before it is released into the duodenum. |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum. |
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Term
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Definition
| The duct formed by the joining of the cystic duct and hepatic duct. |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the tooth that is visible above the gum line. |
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Definition
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Definition
| The first set or primary teeth;baby teeth. |
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Term
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Definition
| The act of expelling feces from the rectum through the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The chief material of teeth surrounding the pulp and situated inside of the enamel and cementum. |
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Term
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Definition
| An allied health professional trained to plan nutrition programs for sick as well as health people. This may involve planning meals for a hospital or large organization or individualized diet counseling with patients. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of altering the chemical and physical composition of food so that it can be used by the body cells. This occurs in the digestive tract. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The first portion of the small intestine. The duodenum is the shortest, widest, and most fixed portion of the small intestine, taking an almost circular course from the pyloric valve of the stomach so that its terminations closed to its starting point. |
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Term
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Definition
| To disperse a liquid into another liquid, making a colloidal suspension. |
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Definition
| A hard, white substance that covers the dentin of the crown of a tooth. Enamel is the hardest substance in the body. |
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Definition
| A gland that secretes its enzymes directly into the blood capillaries instead of being transported by way of ducts. |
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Definition
| A protein produced by living cells that catalyze chemical reactions in organic matter. |
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Term
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Definition
| A muscular canal, abour 24 cm long, extending from the pharynx to the stomach. |
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Term
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Definition
| A gland that secretes its enzymes into a network of tiny ducts that transport in to the surface of an organ or tissue or into a vessel. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any of several organ acid produced by thge hydrolysis of neutral fats. |
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Term
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Definition
| Waste or excrement from the digestive tract that is formed in the intestine and expelled through the rectum. |
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Term
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Definition
| A pear-shaped excretory sac lodged in a fossa on the visceral surface of the right lobe of the liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| A medical doctor who specializes in the study of the diseases and disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract (including the stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and bile duct). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A procedure in which liquid or semiliquid food is introduced into the stomach through a tube. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gum tissue (singular: gingiva; plural; gingivae). |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the gums. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas that stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose when the blood sugar level is dangerously low. |
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Term
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Definition
| A simple sugar found in certain foods, especially fruits, and major source of energy occurring in human and animal body fluids. |
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Term
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Definition
| A complex sugar (starch) that is the major carbohydrate stored in animal cells. It is formed from glucose and stored chiefly in the liver and, to a less extent, in muscle cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| The conversion of simple sugar (glucose) into a complex form of sugar (starch for storage in the liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| The breakdown of glycogen into glucose by the liver, releasing it back into the circulating blood in response to a very low blood sugar level. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A compound consisting of hydrogen and chlorine. |
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Term
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Definition
| The distal portion of the small intestine extending from the jejunum to the cecum. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the eight front teeth, four in each dental arch, that first appear as primary teeth during infancy are replaced by permanent incisors during chiodhood and last until old age. |
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Term
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Definition
| A naturally occurring hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas in response to increase levels of glucose in the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| The intermediate or middle of the three portions of the small intestine, connecting proximally with duodenum and distally with the ileum. |
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Term
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Definition
| A thin-walled, flexible tube with a telescopic lens and light that is inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall to examine or perform minor surgery with the abdominal or pelvic cavities. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of irrigating (washing our) an organ---usually the bladder, bowel, paranasal sinuses, or stomach--- for the therapeutic purposes. |
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Term
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Definition
| An enzyme that aids in the digestion of fats. |
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Term
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Definition
| The largest gland of the body and one of its most complex organs. |
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Term
| lower esophageal sphincter |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The lower portion of the gastrointestinal tract consisting of the small and large intestines |
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Term
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Definition
| Chewing, tearing, or grinding food with the teeth while it becomes mixed with saliva. |
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Term
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Definition
| A point on the right side of the abdomen, about two-thirds of the distance between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip. When tenderness exists upon McBurney's point, a physician might suspect appendicitis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any allied health professional who studies and applies the principles and science of nutrition. |
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Term
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Definition
| An allied health professional who studies and applies the principles and science of nutrition. |
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Term
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Definition
| The section of the pharynx leading away from the oral cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| A structure that forms the roof of the mouth. |
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Term
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Definition
| An elongated organ approximately 6 to 9 inches long,located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen that secrete various substances such as digestive enzymes, insulin, and glucagon. |
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Term
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Definition
| A small, nipple-shaped projection (such as the conoid papillae of the tongue and the papillae of the corium) that extends from collagen fibers, the capillary blood vessels, and sometimes the nerves of the dermis. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the largest pair of salivary glands that lie at the side of the face just below and in front of the external ear. |
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Term
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Definition
| The coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the ureters. |
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Term
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Definition
| A specific serous membrane that covers the entire abdominal wall of the body and is reflected over the contained viscera. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the peritoneum. |
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Term
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Definition
| The full set of teeth (32 teeth) that replace the deciduous or temporary teeth. |
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Term
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Definition
| The throat; a tubular structure about 13 cm long that extends from the base of the skill to the esophagus and is situated just in front of the cervical vertebrae. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Any soft, spongy tissue such as that contained within the spleen, the pulp chamber of the tooth, or the distal phalanges of the fingers and toes. |
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Term
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Definition
| A thickened muscular ring in the stomach that regulates the passage of food from the pylorus of the stomach into the duodenum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Discharge of flow of pus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sensation of severe pain experienced by the patient when the doctor applies deep pressure to the abdomen and releases it quickly When this deep pressure is appl,ies to the lower right quadrant of the abdomen at McBurney's point, and this type of pains is experienced, it is a strong indicator of appendicitis. |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the large intestine, about 12 cm long, continuous with the descending sigmoid colon (just proximal to the anal canal). |
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Term
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Definition
| A ridge if or fold (such as the rugae of the stomach) that presents large folds in the mucous membrane of the organ. |
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Term
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Definition
| The clear, viscour fluid secreted by the salivary and mucous glands in the mouth. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the three pairs of glands secreting into the mouth, thus aiding the digestive process. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the colon that extents from the end of the descending colon in the pelvis to the juncture of the rectum. |
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Term
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Definition
| A circular band of muscle fibers that constrict a passage of closes a natural opening in the body, such as the hepatic sphincter in the muscular coat of the hepatic veins near the union with the superior vena cava (and the external anal sphincter, which closes the anus). |
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Term
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Definition
| The major organ of digestion located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen and divided into a body and pylorus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A compound consisting of a fatty acid (oleic, palmitic, or stearic) and glycerol. |
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