Term
|
Definition
| Type of control valve that uses a flat circular plate in the pipe which rotates ninety degrees across the cross section of the pipe to control flow. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water supply system that is a combination of both gravity and direct pumping systems. It is the most common type of municipal water supply system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of acquiring water from a static source and transferring it into a pump that is above the source’s level; atmospheric pressure on the water surface forces the water into the pump where a partial vacuum was created. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water supply system supplied directly by a system of pumps rather than elevated storage tanks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fire hydrant that has its operating valve at the water main rather than in the barrel of the hydrant. When operating properly, there is no water in the barrel of the hydrant when it is not in use. These hydrants are used in areas where freezing could occur. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pressure created by the rate of flow or velocity of water coming from a discharge opening. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Control valve with a solid plate operated by a handle and screw mechanism. Rotating the handle moves the plate into or out of the waterway. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water supply system that relies entirely on the force of gravity to create pressure and cause water to flow through the system. The water supply, which is often an elevated tank, is at a higher level than the system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water main arranged in a complete circuit so that water will be supplied to a given point from more than one direction. Also called circle system, circulating system, or belt system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Outside stem and yoke valve; a type of control valve for a sprinkler system in which the position of the center screw indicates whether the valve is open or closed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Instrument that is inserted into a flowing fluid (such as a stream of water) to measure the velocity pressure of the stream; commonly used to measure flow. A pitot tube functions by converting the velocity energy to pressure energy that can then be measured by a pressure gauge. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Storage tank used during a relay or shuttle operation to hold water from water tanks or hydrants. This water can then be used to supply attack apparatus. Also called Catch Basin, Fold-a-Tank, Portable Basin, or Porta-Tank. |
|
|
Term
| Post Indicator Valve (PIV) |
|
Definition
| A type of valve used to control underground water mains that provides a visual means for indicating “open” or “shut” position; found on the supply main of installed fire protection systems. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Using two or more pumpers to move water over a long distance by operating them in series. Water discharged from one pumper flows through hoses to the inlet of the next pumper, and so on. Also called Relay Pumping. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pressure at the test hydrant while water is flowing. It represents the pressure remaining in the water supply system while the test water is flowing and is that part of the total pressure that is not used to overcome friction or gravity while forcing water through fire hose, pipe, fittings, and adapters. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1) Potential energy that is available to force water through pipes and fittings, fire hose, and adapters. (2) Pressure at a given point in a water system when no water is flowing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Method of water supply by which tenders/tankers continuously transport water between a fill site and the dump site located near the emergency scene. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fire hydrant that has water all the way up to the discharge outlets. The hydrant may have separate valves for each discharge or one valve for all the discharges. This type of hydrant is only used in areas where there is no danger of freezing weather conditions. |
|
|
Term
| Basic Components of All Water Systems |
|
Definition
Sources of Water Supply
Means of Moving Water
Water Treatment Facility
Water Storage and Distribution Systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Surface: river, lake, reservoirs, aqueducts
Groundwater: Water wells drilled into underground aquifers.
Both |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Direct Pumping Systems
Gravity Systems
Combination Systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Found mostly in agriculture and industrial setting
Disadvantage: dependence on pumps and electricity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Source located at higher elevation.
-ex: alpine lake
Must be located at least 100ft above highest distribution point. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Majority of communities in America use combo of direct pumping and gravity.
Goes from treatment facility to elevated storage.
If storage is adequate, power outages do not effect system |
|
|
Term
| Water Treatment Facilities |
|
Definition
Water treated by filtering particulates and adding chlorine to kill bacteria
Fire Dept. main concern is mechanical breakdown/power outage of facility pumps, leaving it unable to supply water for fire protection
Another hazard is large amounts of chlorine stored at the facility |
|
|
Term
| Ability of water system to deliver water depends on... |
|
Definition
Capacity and elevation of storage tanks.
Condition and carry capacity of underground pipes/mains |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hydrant that receives water from 1 direction.
Has limited water supply |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fire hydrants that receive water from 2 or more directions.
Less pressure loss than dead end hydrants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Large mains with wide spacing. Take large quanities of water to secondary feeders and smaller mains. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Network of intermediate-sized mains that sub-divide grid within loops of primary feeders. Supplies distibutors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Grid arrangement of smaller mains serving individual fire hydrants and blocks of consumers |
|
|
Term
| Diameter of Fire Hydrant Mains |
|
Definition
6 inches mains in residential
8 inch mains in business/industrial districts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
not more than 300ft apart in high value districts.
Every other intersection so every building is within 1 block |
|
|
Term
| 2 types of water supply valves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Water Supply Pressure Measurements |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Responsibility of Fire Hydrant Repair and Maintenance |
|
Definition
| Most cities, water department |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
light blue 1500gpm or greater
Green 1000-1499gpm
Orange 500-999gpm
Red less than 500gpm |
|
|
Term
| Minimum depth for hard intake strainers |
|
Definition
| 24 inches above and below |
|
|
Term
| 3 components of water shuttle operations |
|
Definition
Attack apparatus at the fire(dump site)
Fill apparatus at the fill site(unless self-filling vacuum tankers are used)
Water tenders to haul water from fill to dump site |
|
|
Term
| Water shuttle operations recommended for distances greater than... |
|
Definition
|
|
