Term
| Carrier of genetic information |
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Definition
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
(DNA) |
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Term
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Definition
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine |
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Term
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Definition
5 carbon sugar;
phosphate group |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
DNA consists of 2 strands of polynucleotide chaine intertwined to form a
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Definition
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Term
| When 2 strands of DNA unwind and each strand serves as a template for the formation of a new strand |
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Definition
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Term
| Each daughter double helix contains one strand from the ____ molecule and one new ______ strand |
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Definition
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Term
| How does DNA and genetic info. build an organism? |
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Definition
By RNA...
RNA can leave the nucleus and go to the ribosomes to build proteins |
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Term
| In _____ molecules of RNA are produced on the DNA templates in the nucleus |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ involves the conversion of the nucleic acid language in the RNA molecule into the amino acid language of protein |
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Definition
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Term
| How does RNA differ from DNA |
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Definition
- RNA is single stranded
- RNA bases are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracell
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Term
| the study of chromosomes and their role in inheritance |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 4 methods of Human Inheritance Studies |
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Definition
- Pedigree
- Karyotyping
- Population Study
- DNA Study
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Term
| CHart showing the ancestral history of an individual by tracing a particular trait back several generations of the family |
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Definition
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Term
| studying human cells that are dividing |
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Definition
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Term
| geneticists study the distribution of a particular trait in an entire population |
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Definition
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Term
| study of genes and chromosomes |
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Definition
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Term
| A Human that has 47 chromosomes instead of 46; error in cell division; male or female; 1 out of 600; mortality 1983-25yrs. 1997- 49yrs.; heart defects and respiratory infections |
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Definition
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Term
| have 47 chromosomes XXY; produce no sperm and are sterile; 1 out of 800 males; enlarged breasts; trouble with speech and language; abnormally tall |
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Definition
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Term
| one X chromosome and no Y chromosome; internal and external genital structures are undeveloped; sterile; 1 out of 2,500 births of females |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 autosomal recessive diseases |
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Definition
- Phenylketonuria (PICU)
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Cysistc Fibrosis
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Term
| Name 3 abnormalities caused by the number of chromosomes |
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Definition
- Down Syndrome
- Klinefelter Syndrome
- Turner Syndrome
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Term
| Name an X-linked recessive disease |
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Definition
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Term
| the individual converts certain amino acids to a toxic compound that will cause brain damage; error of metabolism; absence or deficiency of an enzyme |
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Definition
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Term
| red blood cells are shaped like sickles or halfmoons where normal cells are biconcave disc. these cells slow blood flow and block small blood vessels; tissue damage; cells have small lifespans; humans live short painful lives |
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Definition
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Term
| affects the central nervous system; severe mental and physical deterioration; uncontrollable muscle spasms; signs begin mid-life between ages of 30-45 |
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Definition
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Term
| most common autosomal recessive dissorder; about 1 in 20 U.S. citizens are heterozygous carriers for the gene; abnormal sections in the body; mostly respiratory system; bacteria grow b/c of excess mucus; 1 out of 3,200 births; mortality is 33yrs. |
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Definition
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Term
| a lack of a blood clotting factor; dated as far back as 1837 |
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Definition
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Term
| Accumulation of inherited changes within populations over time |
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Definition
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Term
| Group of individuals of one species that live in the same geographic area at the same time |
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Definition
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Term
| Group of organisms w/ similar structure, function, and behavior capable of interbreeding |
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Definition
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Term
| (384-322 B.C.E) visualized organisms moving toward a more perfect state; saw evidence of natural affinites |
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Definition
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Term
(1452-1519)
collected and interpreted fossil rocks |
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Definition
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Term
(1744-1829)
first to propose that animals undergo change as a result of a natural phenomenon; ideas were discredited when Mendel's theories rediscovered around 1900 |
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Definition
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Term
| breeders developing many varieties of domesticated animals in a few generations |
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Definition
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Term
| In what year did Darwin Voyage on the H.M.S Beagle? |
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Definition
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Term
| inherited variations favorable to survival persevere |
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Definition
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Term
| theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by: |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 observations of the theory of evolution |
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Definition
- Genetic variation exists among individuals
- reproductive ability of species causes its populations to increase
- organisms compete for resources
- offspring w/ most favorable characteristics are more likely to survive
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Term
| direct evidence of evolution comes from |
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Definition
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Term
Reminants of structures indicating adaptation
(moles) |
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Definition
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Term
| derive from same structure in common ancestor |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ ___ has played a major role in evolution |
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Definition
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Term
| Study of past and present geographic distribution of organisms |
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Definition
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Term
| diagrams showing lines of descent based on molecular data |
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Definition
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