Term
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Definition
| simplest form of cell division |
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Definition
| new membrane that partitions a cell in binary division |
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Definition
| process of septum creation, in binary fission |
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Definition
| protein scaffolding that helps in folding DNA for condensing |
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Definition
| one of pair of matching chromosomes |
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Definition
| complex of proteins that hold togeher two identical DNA molecules in division |
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Definition
| one of the pair of matching sister chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| synthesis phase: DNA synthesized; some organelles replicated |
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Term
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Definition
| growth phase between cytokensis and DNA replication |
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Term
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Definition
| synthesis replica of genome |
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Term
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Definition
| Gap 2: preparations made for seperation of newly replicated DNA. mitochondria replicate. some organelles replicated |
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Term
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Definition
| spindle appears, sister chromatis pulled apart |
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Term
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Definition
| contracting ring of actin; in plants a plate forms of cell wall |
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Term
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Definition
| name for G1, S, G2 combined |
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Term
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Definition
| replication stops. may stop indefinitely such as in muscle cells |
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Term
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Definition
| point of contraction on centromere |
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Term
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Definition
| disklike structure that connects microtublues to chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| protein that makes up microtubules |
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Term
| during prophase what happens? |
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Definition
| mitotic apparatus appears. Condensation begins. nuclear envelope disappears |
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Term
| during prometaphase what happens? |
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Definition
| chromosomes attach to spindle, move to cell center |
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Term
| during metaphrase what happens? |
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Definition
| centromeres aligh: metaphase plate |
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Term
| during anaphase what happens? |
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Definition
| chromatids seperate, cell becomes elongated |
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Term
| during telophase what happens? |
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Definition
| nucleus reforms. Chromatids are now chromosomes because they no longer are with a matching pair. Uncoil begins. Reversal of Prophase |
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Term
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Definition
| narrowing between a cell as it's splitting in two |
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Term
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Definition
| space between two new cells in plant where new cell wall is formed out of pectins |
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Term
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Definition
| maturing promotion factor. fluctuates with cell cycle. |
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Term
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Definition
| proteins that are produced in synch with cell cycles; no enyzmatic activity (only seen as markers) |
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Term
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Definition
| starting point of commitment of DNA synthesis - commitment to mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
| critical gene for passing boundries in cycle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cyclin dependent kinease - a protein kinease enzyme that is only active when mixed with cyclin |
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Term
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Definition
| checkpoint one: decides when to divide |
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Term
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Definition
| second checkpoint; stimulus for events of mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
| all chromosomes attached in prep for Anaphase |
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Term
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Definition
| anaphase promoting complex |
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Term
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Definition
| frees sister chromatids by marking the securing protein (glue) |
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Term
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Definition
| protein that holds sister chromatids together; broken down with help from anaphase-promoting complex |
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Term
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Definition
| protease specific for releasing the securin adhesion between chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| replaces condensin protein in scaffolding of DNA; removed by sister chromatids during chromosome condensation |
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Term
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Definition
| Platlet Derived Growth Factor |
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Term
| platlet derived growth factor (PDGF) |
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Definition
| growth factors that trigger receptors on cell membrane |
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Term
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Definition
serum : liquid that remains after clotting
plasma: no clotting |
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Term
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Definition
| one gene which plays role in G1 checkpoint; tumor suppressor |
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Term
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Definition
| genes that when added triggered cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| mutated genes which turn into oncogenes |
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Term
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Definition
| retinoblastoma susceptible gene: eye cancer gene |
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Term
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Definition
| A protein which phosphorilates (adds phosphorous) to a wide variety of substances. |
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Term
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Definition
| nucleosomes further coiled into a fiber; common in interphase |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| organelle makes enzymes for apoptosis |
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Definition
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Term
| cycline dependent kinases |
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Definition
| phosphorolated / dephosphorlated; stimulate cell division |
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Term
| How do we know cell is dividing? |
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Definition
| chromosomes visible and condensed |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| microtubule that connects to kinetocore |
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Term
| phosphorlated is activated or deactivaed? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| proteins which destroy cell if checkpoint fails |
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