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CGS 2100C Exam/Test 3 review
CGS 2100C Exam/Test 3 review
67
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
11/28/2007

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Term
HTTP
Definition
is a stateless protocol; it is dedicated for the WEB transactions
Term

browser

Definition

needed to get Internet services

Term
plug-in, player
Definition
you install these applications to extend your browser's capabilities
Term
MIME (Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extension)
Definition
provides a clever way to disguise multimedia files as E-mail attachments to be sent with the E-mail ASCII text.
Term
Cardinality
Definition
is the number of relationships: many-to-many, one-to-many and one to one relationship.
Term
X-Forms
Definition
an alternative to HTML forms, offer more flexibility and interface with XML documents.
Term
Fixed lengths field
Definition
has the same capacity regardless of the data you enter
Term
variable length field
Definition
expands to fit the data you enter
Term
Changing a sort key...
Definition
can take a long time because the process physically rearranges records on the disk.
Term
Sorted tables
Definition
produce faster queries and updates than unsorted tables.
Term
Object-Oriented database
Definition

stores data as objects and each object has its formulas or methods.

An object can be viewed as a class and related objects are considered as derivative classes.
Term
HTTP status code
Definition
is sent by the server to indicate whether the browser's request could be fulfilled.
Term
helper application
Definition
is a program that extends a browser's ability to work with file formats
Term
HTML forms
Definition
are typically used to collect payment and shipping information at the "checkout" counter of e-commerce Web sites.
Term
search engine indexer
Definition
is software that culls keywords from a Web page and stores them in a database.
Term
search engine's query processor
Definition
looks for your search terms in the search engine's indexed.
Term
Meta-search engine
Definition
series of other search engines and compiles the search results.
Term
server farms
Definition
a group of multiple servers, used by large volume sites, such as yahoo.com
Term
ASCII text
Definition
a plain and simple format in which e-mail messages were originally stored
Term
Anti-spam software
Definition
usually includes the technology to block common spam
Term
filters
Definition

catches spam when anti-spam software misses it

Term
cookies
Definition

site uses these to gather information that allows a Web server to present ad banners targeted to products you previously purchased or checked at that Web site

Term
Shopping carts
Definition
use cookies to collect items you buy online
Term
An example of Cardinality
Definition
is when you can place as many orders as you like and the reserve is not true; a particular order cannot be placed jointly by two customers.
Term
Java Applet
Definition
not authorized to activate any other programs in your computer.
Term
e-mail attachment
Definition
should be less than 50 K; large attachments should be zipped.
Term
database
Definition
a collection of info stored in files or tables
Term
OLAP
Definition
allows decision makers to look for relationships between multiple data dimensions
Term
The dynamic Web publishing process
Definition
generates customized Web Pages as needed
Term
Characteristics of XML
Definition
            a.) It exists as a document in human-readable format.            b.) It is portable so that it can be easily accessed from virtually any platform.            c.) All that is required to view an XML document is an XML-enabled browser.
Term
database index
Definition
a list of keys, and each key provides a pointer to the record that contains the rest of the fields related to that key
Term
Guidelines for creating a template for reports
Definition
            a.) Present information in a usable format            b.) Present information in the format most appropriate for the audience.            c.) Information should be timely
Term
global update
Definition
changes data in more than one record at a time.
Term
CPU
Definition
data is processed here
Term
2 units of CPU
Definition
ALU and Control Unit
Term
byte
Definition
bank of eight bits that may represent one character (letter, number, or puncuation)
Term
Data files contain such data as:
Definition
The text for a document, the numbers for a calculation, the specifications for a graph, the frames of a video, the contents of a Web page, or the notes of a musical passage.
Term
Synthesized music files
Definition
the file extension (.mid) that indicates their native file format.
Term
Internet backbone
Definition
the main routes of the Internet
Term
interpreter
Definition
converts programs written in high-level language into machine

 language one instruction at a time to allow for interactivity

Term
Bandwidth
Definition
the capacity of a communication channel
Term
LAN (Local Area Network)
Definition
is a network established in limited geographical location
Term
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
Definition
standard format for creating Web documents
Term
home page
Definition
the Web page that appears every time you start your browser
Term
search engine
Definition
allows you to find web features that match specific keyword that you provide.
Term
Motherboard
Definition
the computer's main circuit board, it houses all essential chips and provides connecting circuitry between them.
Term
ALU
Definition
uses registers as temporary storage to hold data that is being processed
Term
CD's and DVD's
Definition
are examples of optical storage media
Term

controller

Definition
a hard drive mechanism includes this circuit board that positions the disk and read-write heads to locate data.
Term
executable file
Definition
the program that you run to start the software program.
Term
compiler
Definition
translates all of the instructions in a program as a single batch and the resulting machine language instructions are placed in a new file.
Term
System software
Definition
help the computer carry out its basic operating functions.
Term
Bootstrap
Definition
the OS small program that is stored in ROM and provides the instructions needed to load the core parts into memory when the system starts
Term
Processor speed
Definition
measured in gigahertz. One gigahertz is 1 Billion hertz
Term
Spreadsheet software
Definition

fit the (what if) analysis process when some cells value change because of its ability to perform automatic recalculation

Term
Symptoms of a possible virus include
Definition
: your computer reboots unexpectedly, your executable files unaccountably increase in size, you have difficulty saving files.
Term
checksum
Definition
a number that is calculated by combining the binary values of all bytes in a file.
Term
Stealth viruses
Definition
remove their signatures from a disk-based file and temporarily conceal themselves in memory.
Term
Tapes
Definition
offer great capacity at a reasonable cost, with tremendous convenience. That's why they are popular as backup media.
Term
network topology
Definition
the study of the arrangement or mapping of the elements of a network, especially the physical (real) and logical (virtual) interconnections between nodes
Term
ring topology
Definition
network topology that network nodes reconnected in a closed circle and signals travel in one direction (clockwise)
Term
Full duplex
Definition
when signal travels in both directions at the same time (like telephone)
Term
Half duplex
Definition
signal travels in both directions but one at a time
Term
Simplex
Definition
a type of communication in which a signal travels in only one direction.
Term
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Definition
breaks a message or file into packets
Term
Hard Disk controller
Definition

positions, heads, and locates data on the HD.

Term
Executable file
Definition
the program that you run to start the software program
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