Term
T/F
Nasal and pulmonary are the same thing |
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Definition
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Term
| What size particles can reach the alveoli? |
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Definition
|
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Term
T/F
Nasal solutions for systemic relief are not that good because the nose doesnt have microvili like the intestines |
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Definition
FALSE
the nose does have microvili and villi |
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Term
T/F
Nasal solutions should not contain preservatives |
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Definition
FALSE
they should because their volume is low |
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|
Term
| To what pH are nasal decongestants buffered? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Nasal inhalations are used mainly for_____and contain substances with low_____. |
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Definition
bronchial spasms and asthma (local)
low vapor pressure |
|
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Term
What is the capacity of adult nasal cavity?
What is the surface area?
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Definition
|
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Term
T/F
a) nasal cavity is highly vascularized
b) drugs administered nasally avoid first pass effect
c) Metabolizing enzymes are in the nasal cavity |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
a) otic preps should be nonviscous so that they flow into the ear better
|
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Definition
FALSE
should be viscous to ensure max contact time |
|
|
Term
| Why are otic preps hygroscopic? |
|
Definition
| It draws water from the tissues, dec inflammation |
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Term
| What type of solution should be used to remove cerumen? |
|
Definition
Cerumen is ear wax
Surfactants emulsify the wax which then can be flushed out with water |
|
|
Term
| What vehicles are used for otic preperations such as anti-inflammatory, anti-infective and analgesics? |
|
Definition
Propylene glycol(aqueous)
Mineral Oil (non-aqueous) |
|
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Term
| What is the advantage of otic suspensions over solutions? |
|
Definition
| abx solutions have an acidic pH, suspensions in a nonaqueous solvent avoids possible stinging |
|
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Term
| What is the difference btwn intrvenous and intraarterial besides different administration site? |
|
Definition
intravenous drugs would go to the heart and get dist. throughout the body
intraarterial drugs will go directly to a specific organ |
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|
Term
IV, IM, ID or SubQ
a) volume limited to 1.5mL, can be self-administered
b) limited to 5mL, possible neural damage
c) large volumes, rapid action
d) Last the longest
e) vol 0.1mL, used for epidermal testing |
|
Definition
a) SubQ
b) IM
c) IV
d)SubQ
e) |
|
|
Term
| What is the best route of administration to bypass the BBB? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the best route of administration for arthritic drugs? |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
Removal of metabolites is always a part of sterilization |
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Definition
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Term
| What method of sterilization removes the contaminants? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
Which method of sterilization employs steam under pressure?
any special considerations? |
|
Definition
Steam sterilization (Autoclave)
not useful for fats or oils |
|
|
Term
Which method of sterilization uses dehydration?
Under what temperature and for how long?
What size should particles be and why? |
|
Definition
Dry heat
150-170°C for at least 2 hrs
Should be as small as possible to increase surface area |
|
|
Term
Which method of sterilization is useful for heat sensitive solutions and physically removes particles?
Any special consideration? |
|
Definition
Filtration
Can't be used for viscous material
Method of choice for small volumes of aqueous materials |
|
|
Term
Gas sterilization is good for which kinds of materials?
What kind of gas is used and for how long?
What can reduce exposure time? |
|
Definition
heat and moisture sensitive
ethylene oxide and propylene oxide
increasing relative humidity to 60% and inc temp to 50-60°C |
|
|
Term
| How does ionizing radtion work? |
|
Definition
| uses gamma and cathode rays to damage DNA |
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Term
| How does sterility testing work? |
|
Definition
| add microes to a carrier and sterilize, then calculate the time required for complete death |
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|
Term
How does pyrogen testing work?
When is this testing not useful? |
|
Definition
test the increase in body temperature of rabbits
not useful for antipyretic injections |
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