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Cellular Structure
Pages 69-85 The Structure of Cells
44
Biology
9th Grade
11/17/2015

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Term
Cytology
Definition
The study of cells
Term
Cells
Definition
The funcitonal ans structural unit of life
Term
Protoplasm
Definition
All living substances within a cell
Term
Cell Theory
Definition
is a scientific theory which describes the properties of cells
Term
Unicellular Organism
Definition
 is an organism that consists of only one cell
Term
Multicellular Organism
Definition
organisms that consist of more than one cell
Term
Colonial Organism
Definition
a collection of similiar cells living together, and except for certain specialized reproductive cells, any of the cells could carry on the processes of the organism if they were to be seperated from the colony
Term
Tissue
Definition
a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a specific funtion
Term
Organs
Definition
composed of several types of tissues working together to perform a specific function
Term
Organ System
Definition
made up of a group of organs that work together to accomplish life functions
Term
Cell Junction
Definition
the chemical interactions between these protiens form the connections between the cells
Term
Plasmodemata
Definition
the tiny passageways in plant cells that connect to the cytoplasm. They span the cell walls between the cells and are lined by the plasma membrane
Term
Eukaryotic
Definition
a cell that posseses both organellles and a nucleus that is surrounded by a nuclear membrane
Term
Organelle
Definition
a cytoplasmic structure that performs special functions in the cell
Term
Prokaryotic
Definition
a cell that lacks a nuclear membrane and has only indistinctive organelles
Term
Plasma Membrane
Definition
the cellular membrane that forms the outermost boundary of a cells cytoplasm and also encloses the membrane-bound organelles within the cells
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
is a rigid or nearly rigid structure that is located on the outside of the plasma memebrane
Term
Capsule or Sheath
Definition
made up of cellular secreations of very thicknesses
Term
Cyto
Definition
Term
Cytoplamic Matrix
Definition
the colloid portion of the cytoplasm
Term
Mitocondria
Definition
membrane-bound cellular organelles responsible for respiration of foods release usuable for energy
Term
Cristae
Definition
the folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Er)
Definition
a system of interconnected folded membranes inside the cells
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
a membrane-bound organelle that deals with synthesis and packaging materials
Term
Lysosomes 
Definition
small irregularly shaped membrane-bound organelles filled with digestive enzymes
Term

Cytoskeleton

 

Definition
the internal structure of the cytoplasm. made up of microfilaments and microtubules
Term
Centrosome
Definition
a region located near the nucleus that is important in the production of microtubules in the cytoskeleton
Term
Flagellum
Definition
is a long tubular extension of the plasma membrane surrounding a special arrangement of microtubules
Term
Cilia
Definition
much shorter and more frequent hairs that cover the entire cell
Term
Basal Body
Definition
the action controlling structure at the base of a cilium or flagellum
Term
Centrioles 
Definition
an organelle composed of microtubulues and located near the nucleus
Term
Microtubules
Definition
the thickest of the cytoskeleton componets and are very important in the organization of the cell, in cell division, and in cellular movement
Term
Plastids
Definition
membrane-bound organelle found in plants, algae, and a few other organisms, but not in animals
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
a green organelle in which light energy is converted into organic compounds
Term
Thylakoids
Definition
flat sac in a chloroplast that forms grana
Term
Grana
Definition
structures withing chloroplastthat contain the chlorophyll and other pigments involved in photosynthesis
Term
Vacuoles
Definition
a membrane bound organelle in a cell that stores materials
Term
Vesicles
Definition
mebrane bound organelles that store lots of materials
Term
Turgor Pressure
Definition
pressure in a plant caused by water
Term
Nucleus
Definition
the control center of the cell
Term
Nuclear Evelope
Definition
a double membrane that conpletely surrounds the nucleus
Term
Nuclear Pores
Definition
openings in the nuclear evelope that allows materials and water to pass through
Term
Chromatin Material
Definition
a complex DNA and surrounding protiens in the nucleus of a cell
Term
Nucleolus
Definition
a dark stained spherical structure found in most cells
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