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| Lactic acid is produced during |
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| The buring sensation of an over exercised muscle is produced by the buildup of |
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| provides the food for most ecosystems |
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| provides the energy to power a chemical process that makes organic molecules |
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| occurs with in chloroplasts |
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| in chloroplasts makes plant leaves appear green |
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| plants and other photsynthetic organisms are |
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| organisms that cannot make organic molecules from inorganic ones |
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| plants use photosynthesis to join together |
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| carbon dioxide and water to make oxygen and glucose |
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| harvests energy stored in sugars and other organic molecules |
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| oxygen functions like gravity, pulling electrons down the chain |
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| NADH undergoes the process of |
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| oxidation when it donates its electrons to the electron transport chain |
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| what happens to the two carbons in acetyl CoA during the Krebs cycle? |
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| ATP synthase located within the inner mitochondrial membrane helps ATP |
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| is a metabolic pathway consisting of more than a dozen chemical reactions each catalyzed by a specific enzyme |
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| breaks down molecules of acetyl CoA and energy trapped by NADH |
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| most of the ATP from cellular respiration is powered by the Electron transport |
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| energy from the electron transport chain pumps |
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| hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane |
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| Cellular respiration is an example of |
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| the sum of all of the chemical processes that occur in cells |
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| how is your breathing related to your cellular respiration |
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breathing exchanges CO2 and O2
cells consume O2 and release Co2 |
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| At the downhill end of the electron transport chain, when electrons from NADH are finally passed to oxygen, what waste product is produced? |
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| What is the potential enery source that drives ATP production at ATP synthase? |
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| a concentration gradient of H+ across the inner membrane of a mitochondrion |
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| Of the three main stages of cellular respiration which one uses oxygen directly to extract chemical energy to make ATP? |
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| The oxidation of acetic acid by NAD+ extracs some chemical energy from the acetic acid. How can the cell harness the energy to make ATP |
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| The NADH can supply electrons to the electron transport chain, which gererates and H+ gradient that drives ATP synthesis |
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| Which stage of cellular respiration happens outside the mitochondrin in cytosol? |
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| yours cells can produce ATP when no oxygen is present |
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| in your cells uses the process of glycolysis |
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| produces about 2 ATP per glucose molecule |
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| occurs when oxygen levels are not sufficient to support cellular respiration |
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| pyruvic acid is converted to NAD+ |
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| Yeast used to make beer and bread use fermentation to produce |
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| ATP, ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide |
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| although our cells behave as facultative anaerobes our entire body is obligate aerobe |
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| obiliagte anaerobes, are unable to live in the presence of oxygen |
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| How many molecules of ATP are generated per molecule of gulucose during fermintaion? How many can be generatated during cellular respriation? |
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| ________acid is to human muscle cells as ethyl_______is to yeast. |
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| Glycolysis is considered to be an ancient metabolic process because |
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| glycolysis occurs in cytosol |
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| The process of glycolysis may be |
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| more than 3 billion years old |
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| The early Earth atmosphere had very little_______ favoring anaerobic organisms that could use glycolysis |
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| can live on nutrients that are entirely inorganic. |
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| produces the most ATP molecules per glucose |
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| In glycolysis________is oxidized and _______is reduced |
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