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| complex process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic molecules |
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| three-carbon compound that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both aerobic and anaerobic pathways of cellular respiration that follows glycolysis |
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| reduced form of NAD+; and electron-carrying molecule that functions in cellular respiration |
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| describes a process that does not require oxygen |
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| the process in which pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make a large amount of ATP; the part of respiration that is carried out by oxygen |
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| the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy in the form of ATP |
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| an organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxidized to NAD+ & reduced to NADH |
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| the breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeast, or mold in the absence of oxygen |
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the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product
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the anaerobic process by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol
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| unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories |
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| the fluid that is inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion |
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| acetyl coenzyme A, a compound that is synthesized by cells and that pays a major role in metabolism |
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| a series of biochemical reactions that convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water; major pathway in animal, bacterial, and plant cells, and it releases energy |
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| chemical reaction in which a reactant loses one or more electrons such that the reactant becomes more positive in charge |
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| six-carbon compound formed in the Krebs cycle |
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| flavin adenine dinucleotide, a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydration reactions |
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