Term
|
Definition
| the complex process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a biochemical pathway in which one six-carbon molecule of glucose is oxidized to produce two 3 carbon molecules of pyruvic acid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxideized to NAD+ and reduced to NADH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an electron carrier molecule. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| does not require the presence of oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| : if oxygen is present in the cell’s environment, pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make a large amount of ATP. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When oxygen is absent, some cells can convert pyruvic acid into other compounds through additional biochemical pathways that occur in the cytosol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An enzyme converts pyruvic acid made during glycolysis into another 3 carbon compound called lactic acid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| some plants and unicellular organisms such as yeast, use this to convert pyruvic acid into ethyl alcohol. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one kilocalorie equals 1,000 calories |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the space inside the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| : four carbon compound of Krebs Cycle that combines with acetyl CoA to from citric acid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| six carbon compound formed in the Krebs Cycle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Falvin Adenine dinucleotide. |
|
|
Term
| What happends during glycolysis? |
|
Definition
| Takes place in the cytosol of the cell. During gylcolysis, one glucose molecule is oxideized to form two pyruvic acid molecules. Glycolysis results in a net production of two ATP molecules and two NADH molecules. |
|
|
Term
| What happens if oxygen is not present? |
|
Definition
| Glycolysis may lead to anaerobic pathways in which pyruvic acid is converted into other organic molescules in the cytosol.Glycolysis combined with these anaerobic pathways is called fermentation. Fermentation does not produce ATP, but it does regenerate NAD+ which helps keep glycolysis operating. |
|
|
Term
| What happens in lactic acid fermentation? |
|
Definition
| An enzyme converts pyruvic acid into lactic acid. |
|
|
Term
| What happens in alcoholic fermentation? |
|
Definition
| Other enzymes convert pyruvic acid into ethyl alcohol and CO2 |
|
|
Term
| Where does aerobic respiration occue in eukaryotic cells? |
|
Definition
| The processes of aerobic respiration occur inside the mitochondria. |
|
|
Term
| Where does the Kreb's Cycle occur? |
|
Definition
| In the mitchondiral matrix. |
|
|
Term
| Where is the electron transport chain embedded? |
|
Definition
| In the inner mitochondrial membrane. |
|
|
Term
| Cellular Respiration Equation |
|
Definition
| C6 H12 O6+ 6O2 ---> 6CO2+ 6H20+ ATP |
|
|
Term
| Celluar Respiration Chart ( Good One) |
|
Definition
| Organic Compounds -> Glycolysis ->Pyruvic Acid + ATP -> Aerobic Respiration -> CO2+ H2O |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy Required to make ATP / Energy released by oxidation of glucose. |
|
|
Term
| Two Stages of Cellular Respiration |
|
Definition
1.Glycolysis
2. Aerobic Respiration. |
|
|
Term
| Net yield of ATP in Glycolysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| H+ from NADPH, combines with pyruvic acid to form lactic acid |
|
|
Term
| alcohol fermentation information |
|
Definition
| A CO2 molecule is removed from pyruvic acid, the 2 H are added to the 2 carbons which froms ethyl alcohol. |
|
|
Term
| 2 Stages of Aerobic Respiration. |
|
Definition
1. Krebs Cycle
2. Electron Transport Chain ( associated with Chemiosmosis) |
|
|
Term
| Locateion in prokaryotes & eurkaryotes |
|
Definition
Prokaryotes : cytosol
eukaryotes: mitchondria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Acetyl CoA + Oxaloacetic Acid= Citric Acid
2. Citric Acid gives CO2 + H+ and becomes 5 carbon compound.
NAD+-> NADPH
3. 5 carbon molecule gives CO2+ H+ becomes 4-carbon molecules and NAD+ -> NADPH.
4. 4 Carbon molecule gives H+ to become 4 carbon molecule. FAD-> FADH2.
5. 4 Carbon Molecule gives H+ to form Oxaloacetic Acid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The electron transport chian uses the high energy electrons in NADH and FADH2 from glycolysis and the Krebs Cycles.
- Water and ATP produced in electron transport chain.
- Electron transport chain- serioes of molecules in a membrane that transfer electrons from one molecule to another.
- ATP Synthase- enzyme that helps in ATP production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-- electron transport chain and ATP synthase embedded in christae.
- eletron transport chain in cell membrane. |
|
|
Term
| Location of Donation During Electron Transport Chain |
|
Definition
NAD-> beginning of chain
FADH2-> farther down the chain |
|
|
Term
| What is one other key product that is formed in fermentation that is good because ultimatley allows glycolysis to continue ( and ultimatley ATP to continue to be produced)? |
|
Definition
| The key product that is formed in fermentation is glucose. |
|
|
