Term
| cellular adaptations (types) |
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Definition
1.atrophy
2.hypertrophy
3.hypoplasia
4.aplasia/agenesis
5.atresia
6.hyperplasia
7.dysplasia
8.metaplasia
9.hamartoma |
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Term
cellular adaptations:
atrophy |
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Definition
| an organ, tissue or cell that is smaller than normal because the size of the individual cells have decreased. It was once normal then decreased in size. |
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Term
cellular adaptations:
hypertrophy |
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Definition
(remember Arnold's trophy)
an increase in the size of a tissue, or organ due to the increase in size of the individual cells. Hypertrophy may be physiological(response to increased demand) or pathological(response to disease). |
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Term
cellular adaptations:
hypoplasia, aplasia and atresia |
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Definition
hypoplasia- incomplete growth of a tissue or organ.
Aplasia- absence of a tissue
atresia- absence of a lumen |
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Term
cellular adaptations:
hyperplasia |
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Definition
| an increase in the size of a tissue or organ due to the increase in number of individual cells. Can coincide with hypertrophy, distinction is made histologically. decribed using an adjective ex. gallbladder hyperplasia |
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Term
cellular adaptations:
dysplasia |
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Definition
| a lack of normal histological architecture of a tissue or organ. Can be developmental or neoplastic |
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Term
cellular adaptations:
metaplasia |
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Definition
| acquisition by one fully differentiated cell type, of phenotypic characteristics normally associated with a different but relatd tissue type. Ex. cuboidal epithelium becoming stratified squamous epithlium. Change is usually into a more durable type in response to chronic irritation. |
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Term
cellular adaptation:
hamartoma |
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Definition
| an improper mixture of tissues within an organ, usually with an excess of one cell type. ex. birthmarks |
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