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Cells
Cells
21
Biology
10th Grade
09/08/2016

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Term
Cell
Definition
a microscopic unit of plant or animal life, usually containing a nucleus and
surrounded by a very thin membrane.
Term
Cell wall
Definition
the rigid outer layer of a plant cell composed of cellulose.
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
a small oval green bit of protoplasm that contains chlorophyll and is the location of photosynthesis.
Term
Differentiation
Definition
the modifying of biological structures, tissues, or functions that is marked by increasing specialization in cells.
Term
Electron Microscope
Definition
A microscope that uses rays of electrons to magnify the image of the object being viewed. This always kills any live organisms.
Term
Eukaryote
Definition
an organism composed of a cell or cells that contain membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
a bean shaped structure that occurs in plants and animals which process food for energy.
Term
Nucleus
Definition
the part of the cell and controls growth and reproduction, and is considered the “boss” of the cell.
Term
Organ
Definition
a specialized structure that performs a specific function, like the heart.
Term
Organelle
Definition
a structure within a cell that has a specific function, like the nucleus.
Term
Phloem
Definition
the soft tissue in vascular plants that is responsible for the transportation of foods through the plant.
Term
Plasma Membrane
Definition
the thin, semi-permeable membrane that surrounds animal and plant cells. This is responsible for allowing material in and out, and is composed of lipids and proteins.
Term
Plasmid
Definition
the circular DNA found in prokaryotic cells.
Term
Prokaryote
Definition
an organism that lacks a nucleus. Any bacterial cell
Term
Ribosome
Definition
the smallest part of a cell, it is responsible for making proteins.
Term
Stem Cell
Definition
a type of undifferentiated cell that can eventually become specialized, depending on the needs of the organism. These can be adult or embryonic.
Term
Tissue
Definition
A mass of similar cells in an organism, especially has they form a specific organ.
Term
Vacuole
Definition
a membrane sac within a cell that varies in size, but functions to store water or waste material. This is large in plants, but in animal cells there are many and they are small.
Term
Xylem
Definition
the soft tissue in vascular plants that is used for the transportation of water throughout the plant.
Term
Lysosome
Definition
a small organelle that is used to digest various compounds in the cell. Used to dispose of wastes.
Term
Light Microscopes
Definition
microscopes that use a beam of light sent through various lenses to obtain a closer view of an object. The microscopes we have in class.
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