Term
| what components do the mitochondria contain |
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Definition
| mitochondria contain own DNA, RNA and ribosomes |
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Term
| two functions of mitochondria |
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Definition
1) self replicate
2) synthesis ATP |
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Term
| how is energy synthesised |
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Definition
| obtained from the breakdown of glucose molecules and made into ATP molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| folds increasing surface area and therefore increasing number of sites to produce ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| purpose: storage vesicles that contain digestive enzymes. They are formed by pinching off of golgi apparatus. Have enzymes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Have enzymes that can break down and dispose of old or non-functional organelles and foreign substances |
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Term
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Definition
| are flattened membranes that are folded on each other. The folds bulge to form cavities called cisternae |
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Term
| describe role of cisternae site of golgi apparatus |
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Definition
| where secretory vesicles, necessary for cellular transport) are formed |
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Term
| function of golgi apparatus |
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Definition
| recieves lipids and proteins from the ER. Golgi apparatus modifies, packages and redistrubutes received substances to various parts of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| produce phospholipids (lipids with phosphate attachments) |
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Term
| why necessary to produce phospholipids |
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Definition
| phospholipids are necessary in the cell membrane and performs other functions relating to specific type of cell |
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Term
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Definition
| primarily responsible for protein production |
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Term
| role of peroxisomes, compare to lysosomes |
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Definition
| similar role to lysosomes, however contain different enzymes. Make up smaller vesicles than lysosomes and are involved in breakdown of amino acids and fatty acids |
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Term
| by product of breakdown by peroxisomes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| provide cell structural integrity, whilst enabling flexibility |
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Term
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Definition
| protein filaments make up the cytoskeleton |
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Term
| 4 functions of cell membrane (plasma membrane) |
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Definition
1) Structure
2) protection
3) storage
4) cell-cell interaction |
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Term
| describe outer surface of cell |
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Definition
| has dimple like indentations called cavoelae, which can serve as a storage site for receptors and provide route for transport into cell |
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Term
| two major components of membranes |
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Definition
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Term
| composition of cell membrane bilayer |
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Definition
| membrane bilayer consist mostly of phospholipids and cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
| fatty acids which make up lipids and phosphate groups |
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Term
| describe polarity of membrane bilayer |
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Definition
| Each lipid molecule is polar. The tail of the lipid molecule is hydrophobic and is protected from water. The head is hydrophilic and is immersed in water. The differences in polarity organises the membrane into two layers |
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Term
| cholesterol importance to cell membrane |
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Definition
| maintain membrane permeability |
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Term
| classification of protein (2) |
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Definition
1) integral membrane proteins
2) peripheral membrane proteins |
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Term
| describe integral membrane proteins |
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Definition
| are embedded in lipid bilayer, extending to the entire width of membrane. |
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Term
| main function of integral membrane proteins |
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Definition
| Act as a channel or pump to allow water-soluble substances to cross the |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cubodial, columnar or squamous |
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Term
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Definition
| simple, stratified or pseudostratified |
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Term
| types of connective tissue |
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Definition
| loose connective, dense fibrous, cartilage, bone, blood and bone marrow |
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Term
| what do loose connective tissue include |
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Definition
| adipose and reticular tissue |
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Term
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Definition
1) skeletal
2) cardiac
3) smooth muscle |
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Term
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Definition
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