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Cell
Lessons 1-2-3
30
Science
8th Grade
03/26/2014

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Term
eukaryotic cells
Definition
single cell
membrane bound
has nucleus
Term
Nucleus
Definition
the DNA responsible for providing the cell with its unique characteristics
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
the region enclosed by the cell membrane that includes the fluid and all of the organelles of the cell.
Term
Golgi
Definition
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound structure with a single membrane.
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
a protective layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's environment. It controlls materials such as water and oxygen that move into and out of a cell.
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
Mitochondria provide the energy a cell needs to move, divide, produce secretory products, contract - in short, they are the power centers of the cell.
Term
Vacuole:
Definition
A vacuole is a membrane-bound sac that plays roles in intracellular digestion and the release of cellular waste products.
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
Plant cells have a rigid, protective cell wall made up of polysaccharides.
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in all higher plant cells.
Term
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
Throughout the eukaryotic cell, especially those responsible for the production of hormones and other secretory products, is a vast network of membrane-bound vesicles and tubules called the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER for short.
Term
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum:
Definition
Rough endoplasmic reticulum appears "pebbled" by electron microscopy due to the presence of numerous ribosomes on its surface.
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
Ribosomes are packets of RNA and protein that play a crucial role in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Term
DNA
Definition
a genetic material that provides instructions for all cell processes. Organisms inherit this from their parent or parents.
Term
Organelles
Definition
this specialized to perform a specific function.
Term
Prokaryote
Definition
a single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-boind organelles. Its DNA is located in the cytoplasm.
Term
Cytoskeleton
Definition
a network of protein filaments that gives shape and support to cells.
Term
Lipid
Definition
fat molecule or a molecule that has similar properties: ex: oils, waxes, and steriods
Term
Protein
Definition
a molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body.
Term
Carbohydrates
Definition
a class of molecules that includes sugars, starches, and fiber.
Term
Nucleic Acids
Definition
a molecule that carries information in cells.
Term
Mitochondrion
Definition
in eukaryotic cells, the organellethat is the site of cellular respiration, which releases energy for use by the cell.
Term
phospholiped
Definition
a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes.
Term
Golgi Complex
Definition
a cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell.
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
Rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane.
Term
Vacuole
Definition
a fluid-filled vesicle found in the cytoplasm of plant cells or protozoans.
Term
Chloroplasts
Definition
an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis.
Term
Lysosomes
Definition
a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes, breaks down worn-out or damaged organelles.
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
the process by which plants, algae and some bacteria use sunlight carbon dioxide, and water to make food
Term
chlorophyll
Definition
a green pigment that captures light energy for photosynthesis
Term
cellular respiration
Definition
the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food.
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