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cell
the smallest unit that can perform all life processes
37
Science
7th Grade
09/04/2012

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Term
CELL
Definition
Is the smallest unit that can perform al the proesses necessary for life
Term
CELL MEMBRACE
Definition
Is a protective layer that covers the  cell`s surface and acts as a barrier. It separates the cell`s contents from its environment.
Term
ORGANELLE
Definition
Is one of the small bodies in a cell`s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function.
Term
NUCLEUS
Definition
In a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell`s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
Term
EUKARYOTE
Definition
Is an organism made up of cell that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrene; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi BUT NOT archaea or bacteria
Term
PROKARYOTE
Definition

Is an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus.

 

Three types of archaea

  • Heat-loving
  • Salt-loving
  • Methane-making

 

Term
PARTS OF THE CELL THEORY
Definition
  1. All organisms ar made of one or more cells
  2. The cell is the basic unit of all living things
  3. All cells came from existing cells  
Term
HOW MANY TYPES OF CELLS?
Definition
  1. Cells without a nucleus are (prokaryotisc)
  2. Cells with a nucleus are ( eukaryotic)
Term
DESCRIBE HOW BACTERIA ARE DIFFERENT FROM ARCHAEA.
Definition
  1.  Bacteria and archaea have a different Ribosomal, Archaea have three and Bacteria have one
  2. They have a different cell walls structure and membrane lipid composition.
  3. Archaea they can live in places where no other organisms could live, and Bacteria can live almost everywhere.
Term
RIBOSOMES
Definition
Are tiny, round organelles made of protein an other material.
Term
CELL WALL
Definition
Is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
Term
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Definition
Is a system of membranes that is found in a cell`s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids
Term
MITOCHONDRION
Definition
Is the organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce energy, is the main power source of a cell and are covered by two membranes.
Term
GOLGI COMPLEX
Definition
The cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
Term
VESICLE
Definition
Is a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
Term
LYSOSOMES
Definition
Are organelles that contain digestive enzymes, they destroy worm-out or damaged organelles to get rid of waste materials, and protect the cell from foreign invaders.
Term
Vacuole
Definition
A vesicle found in plant and fungal cells which act like lysosomes. They store digestive enzymes and aid in digestion within the cell
Term
CYTOPLASM
Definition
Th fluid and almost all of the contents inside a cell.
Term
DNA (DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID)
Definition
The genetic material that carries information needed to make new cells and new organisms. DNA is passed on from parent cells to new cells ad controls the activities  of a cell. 
Term
CELLULOSE
Definition
A complex sugar which makes up plants and algae cel walls.
Term
LIPIDS
Definition
Which include fats and cholesterol, are a group of compounds  that do not dissolve in water. The are "Water fearing" or hydrophobic
Term
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
Definition
Is a lipid that contains phosphorus. Lipid ends of phospholipids form the inner part of the membrane.
Term
PHOSPHORUS
Definition
Containing ends phospholipids are "water loving" hydrophilic. These ends form the outer part of the membrane.
Term
CYTOSKELETON
Definition
A web of proteins in the cytoplasm acting a both a muscle and a skeleton. It keeps the cell`s membranes from collapsing and helps some cells move. 
Term
NUCLEOLUS
Definition
A dark area found on the nucleus of many cells where a cell begins to make its ribosomes.
Term
ATP ( ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE)
Definition
Substance which stores the energy released by mitochondria. The cell then uses ATP to do work
Term
CHLOROPLASTS
Definition
Are organelles in plant and algae cells in which photosynthesis takes place. They have 2 membrames and their own DNA.
Term
PHOTOSYNTESIS
Definition
Is the process by which plants and algae use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen.
Term

 

WHAT IS THE REASON CHLOROPLASTS ARE GREEN?

Definition
Because  they contain chlorophyll, a green pigment
Term
WHAT IS TH BENEFITS OF BEING MULTICELLULAR?
Definition
  1. Larger Size Many multicellular organisms are small. But they are usually larger than single-celled organisms. Larger organisms ar prey for fewer predators.
  2. Longer Life The life span of a multicellular oganism is not limited to the life span of any single cell.
  3. Specialization Each type of cell hs a particular job specializatio makes the organism more efficient.
Term
TISSUE
Definition
A group of cells that work together to perform a specific job. The material around and between the cells is also part of the tissue.
Term
ORGAN
Definition
A structure that is made up of two or more tissues working together to perform a specific function.
Term
ORGAN SYSTEM
Definition
A group of organs working together to perform a particular function.
Term
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN LIVING THINGS
Definition
  1. Cells
  2. Tissue
  3. Organ
  4. Organ Systems 
Term
ORGANISMS
Definition
Anything that can perform life processes by itself.
Term
STRUCTURE
Definition
Is the arrangement of parts in an organism.
Term
FUNCTION
Definition
The special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part.
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