Term
| functional organization of the body |
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Definition
| Cells, tissues(epithelium, muscle, connective, nervous) organs (stomach, heart, lung, skin), organ sys (digestive, repiratory, excretory), you and me DAWG! Ie a humanbeing broseph! Go CERTS! |
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Term
| how to cells vary generally speaking |
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Definition
| Size/Shape, internal structure, life span/rate of self renewal |
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Term
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Definition
| complex of carbohydrates on the external surgace of the plasma membrane which are covalently attached to proteins or lipids |
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Definition
| internalizations of small membrain vesicles less then one micron from the plasma memrane |
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Term
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Definition
| "cell drinking" uptake of fluid by a continuous process also provides a mechanism for membrane recycling |
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Term
| Receptor mediated endocytosis |
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Definition
| requires receptor ligand binding for vesicle formation and internalization, ligand bound receptor initiates requitement of adaptin which initiates formation of clathin coat responsible for invagination, dynamin pinches membrane completeing internalization |
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Term
| exocytosis and the two types |
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Definition
| fusion of cytoplasmic vesicles with the plasma membrane and release of the vesicle contents 1)regulated requires extracellular signal for vesicle fusion and released regulated secrtion ie hormones and schtuff! 2) constituative exocytosis- secretion is a continous process |
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Term
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Definition
| uptake of material on the basal or apical side is take from one of the cell and released on the other |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of two unit membranes inner and out which are seperated by parinuclear space, membranes space are contunous with ER. Outer layer has ribosomes, nuclear pores are large highly regulatory protein (octet) structures that cross both membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| intermediate filament on the inner nuclear membrane which provide support for nuclear membrane |
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Term
| nucleolus, nucleolar organizing centers (aka?), pars fibrosa, pars granulosa |
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Definition
| nucleolus: site of ribosomal RNA syn and intial ribo subunit assebly, NOC aka fibrillar centers: are pale staining regions containing DNA encoding rRNA, Pars fibrosa: electron dense fribrillar region compased of ribo RNA transcripts, Pars granulosa: granular appearing region compased of maturing ribo partiples |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA + protein but mostly histone protein, chromatin exist in transciptinally active and inative states |
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Term
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Definition
| transciptionally active dispersed light staining |
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Term
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Definition
| transciptionally inavtive condensed dark staining |
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Term
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Definition
| cytoplasmo of the nucleous |
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Term
| Rough ER, breifly describe and types of proteins made here |
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Definition
| falttened membranes sacs that are continuous with nuclear membrane, proteins for secretion, lysosomal proteins, proteins that function in the ER and golgi, some membrane lipds/proteins |
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Term
| Smooth ER breigly describe form and function with the types of things synthesized |
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Definition
| tubular memranous structure contuous with endoplasmic reticulum, no ribos, responsible for syn: triglycerides, cholesterol, steroid hormones, functions to detox, and calcium storage |
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Term
| unboud ribo what kind of proteins do the syn |
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Definition
| cytoplasmic prots, mitochdial prots peroxisomes and nuclear proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| fuse with plasma membrane there by delivering membrane lipids and proteins, form secretory vescles, |
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Term
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Definition
| secretory vevsciles with enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| single membrane vesicles with oxidative enzymes important roles in detox |
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Term
| 2 common forms of pigment |
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Definition
| Lipofuscin pigment: indigestible residues of oxidation prouctions of lipid catabolism, melanin, primary syn by melanocytes |
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Term
| cytoskeleton function and 3 primary components |
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Definition
| gives shape support for the cell provides cell motility and facilitates intracellular transport microfilament, intermediate filaments, microtubes |
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Term
| Microfilaments size function make up |
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Definition
| 4-6nm filaments composed of actin function in cell movement and extensio nof cellular processses |
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Term
| intermediate fillament size function make up |
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Definition
| structurally and chemically heterogenous, 8-10nm filaments which are cell type specific function in structual support |
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Term
| microtobules size function make up inaddition to structures commonly seen in the cell |
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Definition
| 18-20 nm tubules composed of β and α tubulin multiple functions structures include Centriole, basal body, axome mitotic spindle |
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Term
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Definition
| short rod structure compsed of 9 sets of three microtubles centroles cocur in pairs (diplosome) need the nucleus function in navigating chromosome to opposing sides during mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
| same structure as the centriole located at the base of cilia and flagell providing support and MT's seving as the source of core for the stuctures 9 pairs of 2 MT's with 2 in the center |
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Term
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Definition
| forms the core of cilia and flagell and provides for the movement made of MT's |
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Term
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Definition
| individual MT's which extend from the centrioles to the kinetochore of chromatid durig cell division |
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Term
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Definition
Longest phase of the cycle.
Includes Go, G1, S, G2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Replicated DNA condenses into chromosome pairs. These chromatids are attached at the centromere. |
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Term
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Definition
| •Centrosomes at the opposite poles of the cell. •Sister chromatids align at the equatorial plate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sister chromatids separate, each moving towards an opposite pole. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cleavage furrow forms, and separation occurs with a contractile ring of actin and myosin filaments. We see the nucleolus reforming and the ultimate division of the two daughter cells. |
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