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Cell Processes
Mr. Nawrot
18
Science
Not Applicable
01/05/2013

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Term
Diffusion
Definition
The movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Term
Osmosis
Definition
The diffusion of water through a membrane
Term
Equilibrium
Definition
Occurs when the particles are equally spread out
Term
Passive transport
Definition
The movement of particles, through a protein doorway, from a more crowded to a less crowded area WITHOUT the use of energy
Term
Active transport
Definition
The movement of particles, through a protein doorway, from a less crowded to a more crowded area WITH the use of ATP (energy)
Term
Endocytosis
Definition
The process in which vesicles are formed at the Golgi complex and carry the particles to the cell's membrane for release out if the cell
Term
Exocytosis
Definition
The process in which vesicles are formed at the Golgi complex and carry the particle to the cell's membrane for release out if the cell
Term
Chromosomes
Definition
Organized structures of DNA
Term
Mitosis
Definition
(Occurs in body cells like liver cells and blood cells) A type of cell reproduction in which one parent cell goes through simple cell division to split into two "daughter cells." Each of the new cells is identical to the parent cells and contains 46 chromosomes in humans
Term
Binary fission
Definition
A simple cell division in which one cell splits into two identical cells
Term
Life cycle
Definition
Has three main stages - interphase, mitosis phase, cytokinesis
Term
Interphase (Stage 1)
Definition
In this stage, the chromosomes and other cell materials (organelles) are copied; the nucleus is visible
Term
Mitosis (Stage 2)
Definition
The starting cell is called the parent cell which divides to make two identical daughter cells that have identical chromosomes
Term
Phase 1: Prophase (the first stage of Mitosis)
Definition
Chromosomes and other cell materials are done being copied. The nucleus is still visible, but the nuclear membrane and nucleolus have both started to dissolve
Term
Phase 2: Metaphase (the second stage of Mitosis)
Definition
During this, chromosomes line up at the center (equator)
Term
Phase 3: Anaphase
Definition
During this stage of mitosis, the identical chromosomes begin separation and travel to opposite poles or ends of the cell
Term
Phase 4: Telophase (the fourth stage of mitosis)
Definition
During this phase, two nuclear membranes form around both sets of chromosomes
Term
Cytokinesis (Stage 3)
Definition
Once mitosis is completed, this occurs; it's the process of splitting the cytoplasm forming two new daughter cells
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