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| Process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food |
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| An organsim that can make its own food |
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| An organism that cannot make its own food |
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| The main photosynthetic pigments in chloroplasts |
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| Carbon dioxide enters the plant trough small openings on the undersides of the leaves. |
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| is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. |
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| an energy realizing process that does not require oxygen. |
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| The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo |
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| The first stage of the cell cycle, also is the period before cell division. During this stage the cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA, and prepares to divide into two cells. |
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| The second stage of the cell cycle and the stage during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei. |
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| During prophase the threadlike chromatin in the nucleus condenses to form double-rod structures, each of these has two rods because cell's DNA has replicated and each rod is called a chromatid. |
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| final stage of the cell cycle and completes the cell division |
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| a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes one set from each parent. |
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| The process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half creating sex cells. |
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| Chromatin in the nucleus condenses to from the chromosomes. The pairs of centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus. |
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| The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Each spindle fiber attaches to a spindle fiber at its centromere. |
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The centromeres split. the two chromatids separate, and each chromatid becomes a new chromosome. The new chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell.
the cell stretches out as the opposite ends are pushed apart. |
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| The chromosomes begin to stretch out and lose their rod-like appearance. A new nuclear envelope forms around each region of chromosomes. The DNA is once again separated from the cytoplasm be a membrane. |
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| one of the two identical copies of DNA making up a duplicated chromosome, which are joined at their centromeres. |
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| Mass of genetic material composed of DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes during eukaryotic cell division. |
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| one of a pair of cellular organelles that are adjacent to the nucleus, function in the formation of the spindle apparatus during cell division. |
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| The constricted region joining the two sister chromatids that make up an X-shaped chromosome. |
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| The genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring. |
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| A set of chromosomes containing only one member of each chromosome pair. |
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| Carbon dioxide + water ⇒ a sugar + oxygen |
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| sugar + oxygen ⇒Carbon dioxide + water |
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| How is fermentation different to respiration? |
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| Respiration uses oxygen to help break down food and fermentation does not. |
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| What are the 3 parts of interphase? |
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| Cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA, and prepares to divide. |
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| What is the difference between diploid and haploid? |
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| The difference is that the diploid is one part of the chromosome and the haploid is the other. |
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| How do the base pairs for DNA pair up? |
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Definition
| A with T, C with G, T with A, G with C |
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| Describe the structure of DNA |
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Definition
| Wound tightly around proteins, the proteins help support the chromosomes structure, the strands also look like a twisted ladder. Each rung is made up of a pair of molecule called nitrogen bases. |
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| Spindle fiber/microtubule |
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Definition
| 21. Spindle fiber/microtubule: From a bridge between the ends of the cell. |
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| How does the cell replication process of DNA happen |
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Definition
| the cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in its nucleus |
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| Which cell undergo meiosis and why? |
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| Cells that become sex cells undergo meiosis because they only have ½ the number of chromosomes so that they can fuse with another cell. |
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