Term
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Definition
| a cell component that performs specific functions for the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| a cell that contains a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles |
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Term
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Definition
| a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles |
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Term
| What limits the size of cells? |
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Definition
| the rate at which substances needed by the cell can enter through it's surface |
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Term
| What is the diameter of most plant and animal cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are Eukaryotic cells and Prokaryotic cells different? |
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Definition
| Eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles which Prokaryotic cells lack. |
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Term
| What are the 3 parts of the cell theory? |
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Definition
1) All living things are made of one or more cells
2) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism
3) Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells |
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Term
| How do white blood cells change their shape to function? |
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Definition
| They can move through narrow openings in blood vessels to destroy bacteria in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| dense, dark region of DNA in the nucleus. Assembly of ribosomes starts here. |
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Term
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Definition
| the fluid interior of the cell (mostly water). Most of the cell's organelles are found floating in this. |
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Term
| define rough endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
| The transport network throughout the cell that is "dotted" with ribosomes; modifies proteins into 2, 3, and 4 degree structures. |
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Term
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Definition
| A "wall" outside the cell membrane that is made of cellulose fibers. Gives support, protection, and strength to plant cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| A bean-shaped structure that burns sugars to make energy (ATP) for the cell (site of cellular respiration). |
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Term
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Definition
| A selectively permeable layer that surrounds the contents of the cell and controls what enters and exits the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Green colored particles found in leaf cells that are the site of photosynthesis; makes sugar |
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Term
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Definition
| Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for storage or secretion. |
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Term
| define smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
| The transport network throughout the cell. Synthesis of membrane lipids |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny vesicles that digest proteins, carbs, lipids, DNA, RNA, old organelles, and stuff ingested by the cell, like virus and bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| the control center of the cell, contains DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| a large vacuole that is found in plant cells, stores water, and gives plants support |
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Term
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Definition
| small organelles that make protein |
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Term
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Definition
| a network of long strands located in the cytosol that gives cell support and involved in mitosis. Allows other organelles to travel along to other areas of the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stores and moves materials between organelles or to cell membrane. |
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Term
| define contractile vacuole |
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Definition
| a specialized vacuole that pumps excess water out of a cell by contracting rhythmically |
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Term
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Definition
| small holes in the nuclear envelope that RNA travels through to get from the nucleus to the cytosol |
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Term
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Definition
| a combination of DNA and protein that coils up and packs tightly to form chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| hollow tubes that extend outward from near the nucleus to near the cell membrane. they are the spindle fibers when cells divide |
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Term
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Definition
| a pair of small, cylindrical bodies in animal cells that helps organize cell division |
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Term
| where do mitochondria come from? |
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Definition
| prokaryotic cells that once lived inside eukaryotic cells |
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Term
| What are the 2 kingdoms of prokaryotes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 kingdoms of eukaryotes? |
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Definition
| Animalia, Plantae, Protista, and Fungi |
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Term
He was the 1st to see cells, didn't know what they were
17th century |
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Definition
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Term
He was the 1st to see living cells, was also a microscope-maker
16th-17th century |
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Definition
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Term
He was a botanist who concluded that all plants are made of cells
18th century |
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Definition
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Term
He was a zoologist who concluded that all animals are made of cells
18th century |
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Definition
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Term
He was a physician who concluded that cells only come from other cells
18th century |
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Definition
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Term
| How is Euglena like an animal and a plant? |
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Definition
| It can consume other organisms and obtain sunlight with chloroplasts as well. |
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Term
| How does water pressure affect guard cells? |
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Definition
| Higher pressure bends them, opening up the Stoma, and lower pressure does the opposite. |
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Term
| What is the reproductive part of the mushroom? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do fungi obtain nutrients? |
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Definition
| Absorbing nutrients from decaying matter |
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Term
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Definition
| a mutualistic relationship between 2 organisms where both benefit |
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Term
| Why is Pneumonia difficult for the body to fight? |
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Definition
| It is surrounded by a thin capsule that protects the cell |
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