Term
| major apoptotic pathways in mammalian cells |
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Definition
| death receptor and mitochondrial |
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Term
| Extrinsic-- only initiated pharmacologically |
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Definition
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Term
| Intrinsic-- can be induced by drugs, chemicals, etc |
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Definition
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Term
| on cell surface in death receptor pathway |
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Definition
| TNF, Fas/CD95, TRAIL receptors |
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Term
| housed in mitochondrial; if released bad things will happen (Mitochondrial pathway) |
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Definition
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Term
| proteases central to initiation and execution of apoptosis |
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Definition
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Term
| by self or another cysteine protease or caspase |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| propagate death signals in intrinsic pathway; amplify and mediate extrinsic pathway; amplify ROS generation |
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Definition
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Term
| B-cell lymphoma 2 family and Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| only inhibit intrinsic pathway |
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Definition
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Term
| freeze apoptosis at the level of caspases in both pathways |
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Definition
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Term
| currently marketed drugs targeting apoptosis |
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Definition
| TNF receptor antagonists: Etanercept, Adalimumab, Infliximab |
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Term
| drugs targeting apoptosis in clinical trials |
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Definition
| TRAIL receptor agonists, Bcl-2 inhibitors, Bax mimetics, IAP inhibitors, Caspase inhibitors |
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Term
| Pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members |
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Definition
| Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1 |
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Term
| Result of pathological state (injury, disease) |
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Definition
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Term
| response to nutrient deprivation to maintain internal nutrient levels and energy (self-cannabilization) |
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Definition
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Term
| characteristic feature of autophagy |
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Definition
| autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm (autophagic bodies) |
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Term
| later stages of autophagy |
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Definition
| chromatin condense, DNA laddering is evident and phagocytosis occurs |
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Term
| has a very important role in the ETC, once it goes outside the mitochondria the cell will die. It does this by becoming a part of a complex called the apoptosome. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cytochrome C becomes part of a complex called the apoptosome. This apoptosome activates this leading to the progression of apoptotic events |
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Definition
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Term
| must be cleaved in order to be activated |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| activation (procaspase --> caspase); initiator caspases (2, 8, 9); effector caspases (3, 7) |
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Term
| Initiate pore formation in mitochondria=facilitating cytochrome C exit, ROS exit, etc-- pro cell death) |
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Definition
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Term
| block pore formation in mitochonrida- pro survival) |
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Definition
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Term
| able to freeze apoptosis at caspase level at BOTH pathways; this is why they are unique |
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Definition
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Term
| result of pathological state or condition |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chromatin condenses (but cell does not shrink like in apoptosis) in multiple small clumps --> cell membranes and organelles disintegrate --> leakage of cellular contents resulting in inflammatory response |
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Term
| identifiable by holes in the membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| REVERSIBLE; we do not know if it is cell death or not or both |
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Definition
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Term
| Cell death is toxicant dose related: low dose |
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Definition
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Term
| cell death is toxicant dose related: medium dose |
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Definition
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Term
| cell death is toxicant dose related: high dose |
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Definition
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