Term
| Direct Intercellular Signaling |
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Definition
| Signals pass through a cell junction from the cytosol of one cell to adjacent cells. |
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Term
| Contact-Dependent Signaling |
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Definition
| Membrane-bound signals bind to receptors on adjacent cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells release signals that affect themselves and nearby target cells. |
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Definition
| Cells release signals that affect only nearby target cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells release signals that travel long distances to affect target cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Special type of paracrine signaling, occurs in the nervous system of animals. Neurotransmitters are released at the end of the neuron and traverse a narrow space called the synapse and then binds to a receptor in a target cell. |
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Term
| Three-Stage process of Cell Signaling |
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Definition
1) Receptor Activation
2) Signal Transduction
3) Cell Response |
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Term
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Definition
First step in Cell Signaling.
The binding of a signaling molecule causes a conformational change in a receptor that activates its function. |
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Definition
Second step in cell signaling.
The activated receptor from the first step stimulates a series of proteins that forms a Signal Transduction Pathway. |
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Term
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Definition
| The signal transduction pathway affects the functions and/or amounts of cellular proteins, thereby producing a cellular response. |
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Term
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Definition
| Signaling molecules that binds non covalently to the receptor molecule. |
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Term
| Intracellular Targets in Cell Signaling |
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Definition
| Enzymes, structural proteins, and transcription factors. |
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Term
| 3 Receptors that bind Lipid-insoluble ligands |
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Definition
1)G protein-coupled receptors
2)Enzyme-linked receptors
3)Ligand-gated ion channel receptors |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Non-protein Second Messengers |
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Definition
| small, water-soluble, and diffuse rapidly within the cell. advantages include amplification and speed. |
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