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Cell Biology Lab Test 1
Study Guide for Test 1
73
Biology
Undergraduate 3
02/02/2013

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Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
These are small single celled organisms
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
Sometimes motile using flagells
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
NO membrane bound organelles
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
Small Circular DNA as their genome
Term
Eukaryotes
Definition
Have membrane bound organelles
Term
Nucleus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria, Vacuoles, Chloroplasts(sometimes)
Definition
What do Eukaryotes have that Prokaryotes don't have?
Term
Smooth ER
Definition
What is the site of Fatty acid and phospholipid synthesis?
Term
80s
Definition
Proteins are translated on ___ Ribosome complexes.
Term
Rough ER
Definition
site of synthesis of membrane and organelle proteins and all secreted proteins
Term
nucleolus, rRNA, ribosome
Definition
The nucleus contains ________ where _______ synthesis and processing occurs and ________ subunits are assembled.
Term
cisternae
Definition
The Golgi apparatus has stacks of flattened, interconnected membrane bound compartments called ________
Term
mitochondria and chloroplasts
Definition
2 organelles that contains its own DNA and 70s ribosomes
Term
mitochondria
Definition
Site of Electron Transport
Term
Oxidative Phosphorylation, ATP
Definition
Proton Gradient is used during __________ _______________ producing most of the ________ for the cell
Term
chloroplast
Definition
site of light and dark reactions, carbon fixation.
Term
granum
Definition
Stacks of thylakoid membranes
Term
vacuoles
Definition
stores water, ions, and nutrients; degrades macromolecules and functions in cell elongation
Term
contractile, cytosol, plasma membrane
Definition
A _____________ vacuole takes up water from the ___________ and periodically discharges its contents by fusion with the __________ ____________
Term
staining, methylene blue, acidic
Definition
Without _________, a cell will appear ghostlike. ___________ __________ is a stain that stains __________ molecules
Term
differential
Definition
____________ staining allows for the identification of certain organelles
Term
Vital
Definition
____________ stains are permeant dyes that can stain cells without killing them.
Term
localized
Definition
Vital stains can become ________ in specific compartments which can be identified due to their differential absorption of light
Term
E. Coli
Definition
rod-shaped prokaryotic bacteria
Term
Oscillatoria
Definition
blue-green prokaryotic algae, can photosynthesize and has gliding motion
Term
Squamosal epithelial cells
Definition
found in the cheek of the mouth
Term
elodea
Definition
eukaryotic plant cell
Term
Spirogyra
Definition
A eukaryotic, filamentous green alga and have spiral shaped chloroplasts
Term
Paramecium
Definition
protist that is motile via cilia
Term
Paramecium, trichocysts
Definition
___________ contains unusual organelles located beneath the pellicle called ___________
Term
Weak acid
Definition
A _________ ________is used to trigger trichocysts
Term
Tetrahymena, 50
Definition
__________ are fresh water ciliates that are about __ microns long
Term
Lugol, Iodine
Definition
________'s ________ is a stain for carbohydrates
Term
Lugol's Iodine
Definition
Used for fixation of cells
Term
Food Vacuoles
Definition
A prominent internal structure in Tetrahymena
Term
Carbon
Definition
India Ink is an emulsion of _____________ particles
Term
India Ink
Definition
_______ _____ is an emulsion of Carbon particles
Term
Neutral Red
Definition
___________ ______ is a pH indicating dye that is red below pH 6.8 and yellow above pH 8.0
Term
Congo Red
Definition
__________ ______ is a pH indicating dye that is blue below pH 3.0 and red above pH 5
Term
Methyl Green
Definition
At pH 4.2, ______ _____ is a DNA specific stain that stains DNA a bluish green color
Term
Pyronin Y
Definition
________ __ stains the cytoplasm of the cell pink due tot he high concentration of ribosomes found in the cytoplasm
Term
Methyl Green, Pyronin Y
Definition
A mix of _________ ________ and _________ __ will simultaneously stain the nucleus green and the cytoplasm pink
Term
Janus Green B, mitochondria
Definition
Cytoplasmic bodies that stain with ____ _____ _ under aerobic conditions, but lose this staining under anaerobic conditions, are called ______________
Term
Mitosis
Definition
Chromosomes appear in cell cycle during _________
Term
Kinetochore
Definition
DNA aligns on _________ plate and each of the 2 chromatids now has a specialized structure called a _____________.
Term
centromere
Definition
The kinetochore is located at the ___________ region
Term
Anaphase
Definition
During _____ centromeres separate and chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles as kinetichjore mictrotubules shorten
Term
Cytokinesis, telophase
Definition
___________, or division of the cytoplasm, occurs at the end of ____________
Term
Toludine Blue, polysaccharides
Definition
A basic dye that stains acidic molecules...However, acidic ______________ are stained red.
Term
microtubules
Definition
Spindle Fiber Aparatus is made up of __________
Term
colchicine
Definition
_____________ interrupts the formation of microtubules
Term
colchicine
Definition
freezes cell cycle at metaphase as sister chromosomes CANNOT migrate to opposite poles.
Term
Endocytosis, vesicles
Definition
____________ is the uptake of extracellular materials by invagination of the plasma membrane to form small membrane bound ____________.
Term
Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis, Receptor mediated endocytosis
Definition
3 types of endocytosis
Term
phagocytosis
Definition
the process where large particles become internalized in eukaryotic cells
Term
pinocytosis
Definition
uptake of droplets of extracellular fluid into endocytotic vesicles.
Term
receptor mediated endocytosis
Definition
the specific uptake of receptor bound ligands by the invagination of clathrin coated pits on the plasma membrane of animal cells.
Term
Tetrahymena, endocytosis
Definition
___________ will internalize india ink particles using a subtype of __________
Term
exocytosis
Definition
The release of intracellular molecules contained within a membrane bound vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane
Term
Exocytosis
Definition
__________ is important in secretion
Term
Mucocysts
Definition
Tetrahymena have mucous filled secretory vesicles called _______
Term
Alcian blue, exocytosis
Definition
__________ ___________ is a polynionic dye that triggers ____________ of mucous where the mucous absorbs water and swells into a gel.
Term
Alcian blue, mucopolysaccharides
Definition
____________ _____________ stains sulfated ___________________, therefore staining the capsule blue
Term
hemocytometer
Definition
The ____________ allows you to determine the cell density or titer of a culture
Term
Bradford Protein Assay
Definition
A protein assay that determine protein concentration
Term
Coomassie Brilliant Blue
Definition
The Bradford Assay is a assay that follows a color change in the dye _____________ ____________ _______
Term
Coomassie Brilliant Blue
Definition
what binds primarily to arginine residues, but binds minorly to amino acids?
Term
absorption, light
Definition
in the Bradford assay, measure the ____________ of ___________ to determine protein concentration.
Term
spectrophotometer
Definition
The _____________ emits light of a known wavelength through the sample.
Term
detector
Definition
the light that hits the ______________ (in spectrophotometer) is converted to a numerical value
Term
Abs = Ebc, where E is the extinction coefficient and b is the path length, c is the concentration
Definition
What is Beer's Law?
Term
directly
Definition
Beer's law states that absorbance is _________________proportional to concentration
Term
narrow
Definition
Limitation of a Bradford assay is that it is linear over a _____________ range
Term
Serial
Definition
___________ dilutions are often required to dilute proteins to a concentration that is suitable for the Bradford Assay
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