Term
Plants are Eukaryotic cells, already with...
Bacteria was probably... |
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Definition
-mitochondria, they engulfed another bacteria
-Cyanobacteria- capable of photosynthesis. |
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Term
| Plant cells have a cell wall |
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Definition
| what has a 1-4 glycogenic linkage that are in beta barrels these form cellulose. |
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Term
| Three major differences between plant and animal cells- |
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Definition
Three major differences:
- plant cells have cell walls made of cellulose
- plant cells have chlorophyll stored in chloroplasts
- plant cells have large vacuole |
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Term
| Chloroplasts have three different membranes |
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Definition
| Outer membrane, inner membrane and thylakoid membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Stacked together in structures called grana that are all interconnected with one another |
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Term
| Thylakoid membranes contain chlorophyll or other pigments and enzymes for ... |
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Definition
| electron transport, photosynthesis and ATP synthase |
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Term
| Plant cells perform ___ ____ |
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Definition
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Term
Basic equation for photosynthesis
uses the energy of
Making organic compounds require ____ to make _____ |
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Definition
H2O + CO2 ----> make (CH2O)n + O2
Light
energy covalent bonds. |
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Term
Photosynthetic electron-transfer
Light is .....
Transferred from one molecule to the next- |
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Definition
captured by pigments, chlorophyll
resonance energy transfer |
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Term
Antennae complex is a ...
They act as a funnel and |
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Definition
Large set of pigment molecules that capture light energy -
Transfer energy to reaction center |
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Term
Photochem reaction center
Converting light energy into...
Uses a... to create a...
This releases
Formula |
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Definition
chemical bonds with energy
weak electron donor (water)
strong electron donor (quinone)
Oxygen gas.
H2O ----> O2 + 2 e- + 2 H+ |
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Term
Electrochemical gradient, what energy is used to create this?
This gradient drives |
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Definition
Light
ATP synthesis on the ATP synthase |
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Term
| The channel of photosynthesis |
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Definition
| Antenna complex of photosystem 2. to another protein comples to PS 2 to NADP reductase. |
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Term
| In photosystem 2 H20 to O2 |
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Definition
| with making protons. Light induces this reaction |
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Term
| The difference in voltage |
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Definition
| stroma is negative with respect to inside thylakoid |
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Term
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Definition
| pH is acidic in thylakoid. |
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Term
ATP made using the ____ ____ ___ of the _______ gradient
_____ faces the Stroma where carbon fixation occurs meaning ATP made in _____ |
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Definition
proton motive force, electochemical
ATPsynthase, stroma |
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Term
Products formed from light energy
ATP and NADPH are used to make |
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Definition
ATP
NADPH
O2
...carbohydrate in the Calvin cycle |
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Term
Carbon fixation - Calvin cycle main differences
Mitochondria-
Chloroplasts- |
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Definition
- takes carbohydrate -> ATP
- make carbohydrate using ATP (energy originally from the sun) |
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Term
Energetically unfavorable
CO2 + H2O --->
Where does the energy come from??? |
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Definition
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Term
Light cycle equation
Overall goal is to make |
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Definition
H2O + light ----> NADPH and ATP + O 2
glucose, sugar |
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Term
Calvin Cycle dark cycle
...most abundant protein on EARTH
Up to 50% of chloroplast protein
Makes... |
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Definition
...Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase - (RUBISCO)
...3-phosphoglycerate |
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Term
| 3 CO2 + 9 ATP + 6 NADPH + H2O ---> |
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Definition
| glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate |
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Term
G3phosphate reaction is Central intermediate in glycolysis
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosophate...
Excess in stroma converted into... |
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Definition
...is exported to cytoplasm where made into sucrose
... starch |
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Term
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Definition
| H2O + light ----> NADPH and ATP + O2 |
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Term
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Definition
| CO2 + ATP + NADPH ------> glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate ------> glucose |
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Term
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Definition
| H2O + CO2 + light ----> (CH2O)n + O2 |
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