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CEBT Exam Prep 3
Glossary Terms part 1
40
Health Care
Not Applicable
02/22/2013

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Term
anterior chamber angle
Definition
The anatomic zone between the cornea and the iris containing the trabecular meshwork.
Term
arcus
Definition
AKA arcus senilis. refers to peripheral clouding of the cornea due to lipid (cholesterol) near the limbus in what would be normally clear stroma.
Term
arcuate keratotomy
Definition
An arc shaped incision in the cornea which is used to correct astigmatism.
Term
Astigmatism
Definition
The shape variation of the cornea which causes it to be curved more in one direction than another (shaped more like a football than a basketball)
Term
CSVS
Definition
Corneal Storage and Viewing Chamber. A container used to store donor corneas and also view them for specular microscopy
Term
cataract
Definition
A change in the lens proteins which causes a decrease in its clarity. This can occur in the nucleus (innermost part/nuclear cataract, nuclear sclerosis), cortex (middle part/cortical cataract, cortical spokes) or in the zone just inside the capsule (the outermost membrane/subcapsular cataract)
Term
descemet's fold
Definition
protrusion caused by localized swelling along curved linear paths of the corneal stroma. The swelling forms a line or ridge referred to as fold in Descemet's. It represents a thickening of the cornea which causes ridges to form internally at the level of descemet's membrane, since the outer corneal surface cannot change (it is already on maximal stretch to form the anterior corneal surface)
Term
endothelial striae (snail tracks, endothelial stress lines)
Definition
Refer to linear opacities seen at the level of Descemet's endothelium. These represent areas where folding of the cornea has caused stretching of the endothelium and generally rupture of the endothelium and/or separation of from Descemet's membrane.
Term
enucleation
Definition
removal of the globe from a donor cadaver
Term
enucleation spoon
Definition
spoon shaped instrument with a notch cut out for the optic nerve to allow elevation of the eye ball
Term
epithelial defect
Definition
The absence of a portion of the epithelial layer caused by trauma such as corneal abrasion, infection, or intrinsic disease.
Term
evisceration
Definition
a procedure which the contents of the globe are removed, leaving only the scleral shell behind.
Term
excision
Definition
Removal of the corneal cap with a scleral rim of tissue from the globe. This can be done in-situ or in the lab under a laminar flow hood.
Term
gutta (Guttata)
Definition
The wart-like excresences of Descemet's which are the primary abnormality seen in Fuch's endothelial dystrophy. Generally seen on specular reflection or specular microscopy. The plural of gutta is guttae or Guttatae.
Term
hyperopia
Definition
The optical condition of the eye in which images come into focus behind the retina, also known as far-sightedness.
Term
intraocular lens implant (IOL)
Definition
anterior chamber lens implant placed in front of the iris or a posterior chamber lens implant placed in the capsular bag or between the capsular bag and the posterior iris/ciliary sulcus. May be sewn to the iris or sclera.
Term
icterus
Definition
Presence of excess bilirubin in the blood. Causes yellowish skin or sclera. (Jaundice)
Term
infiltrate
Definition
The presence of white blood cells which accumulates in the cornea as an inflammatory response to infection, exposure or other stimuli. Usually appears as a white, gray, or slightly yellowish spot in the corneal epithelium or stroma.
Term
keratic precipitate (KP)
Definition
The accumulation of white blood cells on the corneal endothelium which arise as a result of inflammatory reactions. May be seen singularly or frequently as groups of multiple precipitates.
Term
keratocyte
Definition
The basic cell type which is found in the corneal stroma. The keratocytes are sparse in distribution, occupying less than 5-10% of the stroma.
Term
keratoplasty
Definition
Any tissue altering surgical procedure of the cornea.
Term
lamellar keratomileusis
Definition
The reshaping of a partial thickness layer of the cornea done to change it's refractive state.
Term
lamellar keratectomy
Definition
The removal of a partial thickness layer of the cornea
Term
myopia
Definition
The optical condition of the eye in which images come into focus in front of the retina. Also known as near-sightedness
Term
penetrating keratoplasty (PK)
Definition
The procedure in which a full thickness button of cornea is removed from the recipient and replaced with a similar sized or larger button of donated cornea tissue.
Term
photorefractive keratectomy
Definition
Laser assisted removal of part of the anterior corneal stroma to change the refractive state of the eye.
Term
phototherapeutic keratectomy
Definition
Laser assisted removal of part of the anterior corneal stroma to remove scar tissue from the cornea.
Term
pinguecula
Definition
The abnormal growth of conjunctival tissue which occurs in the three or nine o'clock meridians at the limbus, but does not cross the limbus.
Term
pleomorphism (polymorphism)
Definition
variation of the endothelial cell shape, also known as polymorphism
Term
polymegathism
Definition
Variation of endothelial cell size
Term
pseudoguttae
Definition
dark spots on the endothelium seen while the cornea is cold which disappear when the room is warmed to room temperature
Term
pterygium
Definition
The abnormal growth of conjunctival tissue which occurs in the three or nine o'clock meridians at the limbus, which crosses the limbus and grows onto the cornea
Term
puncta
Definition
The opening of the lacrimal drainage system which passively or actively allows tears to drain from the eyelid surface
Term
radial keratotomy
Definition
a surgical procedure in which four, six, eight or more radial incisions are made in the cornea to reduce myopia.
Term
rosette
Definition
The pattern formed when a small endothelial cell is surrounded by larger nearest neighbor cells, making it appear flower like.
Term
scar
Definition
Fibrous tissue replacing the normal tissue destroyed by injury or disease. The size, density, and depth should always be mentioned in any evaluation. Any opacity or irregularity that cannot be otherwise identified as normal anatomy can be included in this term
Term
semilunar fold
Definition
One of the folds of conjunctiva that is the transition between the medial canthus caruncle and medial conjunctiva
Term
specular reflection
Definition
The procedure in which the endothelium may be viewed through the slit lamp
Term
striae
Definition
Grayish white lines within the stromal layers of the corneal stromal collagen. This causes light to scatter from these areas of localized linear swelling and form striae May occur at any depth in the stroma. -See endothelial striae
Term
trabecular meshwork
Definition
The meshwork of tissue that allows aqueous fluid to flow from the anterior chamber into Schlem's canal which drains the fluid away from the eye.
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