Shared Flashcard Set

Details

CDC 4N051-B
CDC set 2 volume 1-3 as of 2011
204
Medical
Professional
02/21/2012

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Which of the following most accurately describes an organism that causes infection and disease?
Definition
Pathogen
Term
Which classification of organisms is responsible for the disease malaria?
Definition
Sporozoa
Term
Which Stage of infection is the period of time between the invasion of the infectious agent into the body and the onset of symptoms of the particular disease?
Definition
Incubation
Term
The mucous membrane filters and traps foreign bodies through ... ?
Definition
Cilia
Term
Which of the following is not a type of transmission-based precaution?
Definition
Enteric
Term
Which Transmission-based precaution must have monitored, negative air pressure?
Definition
Airborne
Term
What is the most serious type of meningitis?
Definition
Bacterial
Term
One of the most common and serious complications a female may develop from gonorrhea is ?
Definition
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Term
Which medical term refers to practices designed to eliminate all micro-organisms?
Definition
Surgical asepsis
Term
Which substance is used to inhibit the growth and development of microorganisms on living tissue?
Definition
Antiseptic
Term
What type of isolation are patients highly susceptible to infection placed in?
Definition
Reverse
Term
What procedures are followed when transporting an infectious patient to the radiology department?
Definition
Give the patient a gown, mask, and gloves to wear BEFORE transport
Term
An acceptable alternative to an anteroom for an isolation unit is ?
Definition
An isolation cart
Term
When using a mask in an isolation unit, put the mask on ...
Definition
Before entering , and take it off before leaving
Term
What is the first step in preparing objects for sterilization?
Definition
Cleaning
Term
How long is an item immersed in the sterilant during the sterilization cycle of a peracetic acid sterilizer?
Definition
12 minutes
Term
How often do you clean and inspect steam sterilizers?
Definition
Daily and weekly
Term
Diagnostic tests should be run on a peracetic acid sterilizer every . . .
Definition
24 hours
Term
How often should biological testing be conducted and documented for hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilizers?
Definition
At least once per day
Term
Which basic human need category is rest included in?
Definition
Physiological
Term
Which vitamins are necessary for the production of red blood cells?
Definition
B-complex vitamins
Term
What substance is necessary for hemoglobin synthesis?
Definition
Iron
Term
Plasma lipids include what three substances?
Definition
Triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol
Term
What two actions are included in the physiological need of rest?
Definition
Rest and activity
Term
What reflex is displayed when an infant reacts to sudden noise or movement by extending and retracting the arms and legs?
Definition
Moro
Term
A toddler is expected to weigh four times the birth weight at age ... ?
Definition
24 months
Term
_____ is most likely to be a part of a work site wellness program?
Definition
Blood pressure screening
Term
What substance does the body need in order to absorb vitamin B12 ?
Definition
Intrinsic
Term
B12 deficiency is first noted by ?
Definition
Pernicious anemia
Term
Vitamin B6 concentration in food sources is lost through ... ?
Definition
Freezing
Term
Large doses of vitamin C causes ...
Definition
Heartburn, kidney stones and adominal cramps
Term
Vitamin D interacts with ...
Definition
Digitalis, mineral oil, and thiazide diuretics
Term
A primary sign of vitamin E overdose is readily seen through the disease process of ... ?
Definition
Prolonged clotting times
Term
Vitamin K is used to treat ... ?
Definition
Ulcerative colitis, Malabsorption syndromes and prolonged use of salicylates
Term
What vitamins are fat soluble ?
Definition
Vitamin A, Vitamin E and Vitamin K

(** Not Vitamin C)
Term
Signs of sodium chloride deficiency can be seen ...
Definition
Through an excessive amount of fluid loss
Term
Half-normal saline solution is represented by what percentage ?
Definition
0.45%
Term
Potassium helps maintain ...
Definition
heartbeat regulation
Term
Caution must be taken when administering potassium to individuals with ... ?
Definition
Gastric Ulcers, Cardiac Disease and Renal Impairment
Term
Oral Iron supplements should not be taken with ... ?
Definition
Tea, Milk or Coffee
Term
Which route is injectable iron administered?
Definition
Intra muscular
Term
When larger molecules are constructed from smaller molecules, this is known as ?
Definition
Anabolism
Term
Cellular metabolism is controlled by a specific kind of ... ?
Definition
Enzyme
Term
Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water are called ... ?
Definition
Acids
Term
When an excessive amount of fats are metabolized, it can be noted by?
Definition
Acetone in the breath and urine
Term
What is an accurate definition of leuokocytes?
Definition
Protect against disease at the cellular level
Term
The two main categories of leukocytes are?
Definition
Granulocytes and agranulocytes
Term
Neutrophils are also known as ... ?
Definition
polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Term
The Life span of lymphocytes is?
Definition
days
Term
What cells do lymph nodes contain in large number to fight invading microorganisms?
Definition
Lymphocytes and macrophages
Term
When a child scrapes his/her hands and infection results, which lymph nodes will become englarged?
Definition
Supratrochlear
Term
Children who receive routine childhood immunizations are protected by ...?
Definition
Artificially acquired active immunity
Term
The body's first step in the healing process is ... ?
Definition
Inflammation
Term
During which stage of healing are immature fiber cells and capillaries formed?
Definition
Inflammation
Term
The fibrous structural protein collagen is found in all the connective tissue during which stage of healing?
Definition
Maturation
Term
Full maturation of a wound is evident when?
Definition
The scaring is white and glossy
Term
For many patients who suffer from severe injuries or medical conditions, their first psychological reaction is ...?
Definition
Shock and disorientation
Term
What electrolyte deficit or excess can cause dysrythmias, leading to cardiac or respiratory arrest?
Definition
Hyperkalemia
Term
What acid-base imbalance is likely to occur when a patient has excessive vomiting, excessive suctioning or ingested too many antacids?
Definition
Metabolic alkalosis
Term
Which acid-base imbalance is caused by hyperventilating?
Definition
Respiratory alkalosis
Term
Deficiency is respirations such as slow or irregular shallow respirations can lead to an excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood which results in a condition called ...?
Definition
Respiratory Acidosis
Term
To avoid infections, you should change a patient's hyperalimentation solution bag and tubing daily and not allow the container to hang longer than...?
Definition
8 hours
Term
When selecting an intravenous solution, what size IV bags in cubic centimeters would you possibly be able to select from?
Definition
100 to 2,000 cc
Term
Normally, how high above patients should you hang an intravenous solution bag?
Definition
24 to 36 inches
Term
If a patient exhibits a mild allergic response to an intravenous solution, what should you do?
Definition
Slow the infusion
Term
How much fecal material should you collect to send to the laboratory for a stool specimen?
Definition
2 tablespoons
Term
After obtaining a blood sample instruct the patient to maintain pressure over the venipuncture site or ...?
Definition
2-3 minutes
Term
During a skin puncture, why is the first drop of blood wiped away?
Definition
It contains epithelial cells, which may interfere with test results
Term
What step should you take before operating a glucose meter?
Definition
Read the operating instructions
Term
The normal fasting blood glucose level in milligrams/deciliter is ...?
Definition
70 to 115 mg/dl
Term
In the subjective information section of the paperwork, it is important to identify the patient's ...?
Definition
Complaint of a headache
Term
A proctoscopy is an inspection of ?
Definition
Rectum
Term
What position would you normally place a patient in for a sigmoidoscopy?
Definition
Sims
Term
When educating the patient with psuedofolliculitis barbae on proper shaving methods, you should instruct the patient to avoid shaving ...?
Definition
in the opposite direction of hair growth, with facial skin stretched and with slow strokes
Term
How do you measure the visual field?
Definition
Determine the degrees away from fixation
Term
When asking the patient if he or she wears glasses, contacts or if they have had eye problems prior to conducting an optec 2300 vision tester exam, the patient's responses will determine ...?
Definition
sequence of test performance
Term
How many test slides are included in the standard test category of the Optec 2300 vision tester?
Definition
Seven
Term
How many inches from the test plate must the examinee be sitting for the pseudoisochromatic plate set test?
Definition
30 inches
Term
When performing a pulmonary function test on a patient, according to Air Force standards, abnormal functions are present if the predicted forced expiratory volume at 1 second forced vital capacity percentage is less than?
Definition
80
Term
During pulmonary function testing the minimum number of practice attempts and acceptable tracings an examinee must perform are
Definition
2:3
Term
Where does the electrical stimulation of the heart muscle initiate?
Definition
Sinoatrial node
Term
Where is the Purkinje fiber network the most elaborate?
Definition
Left Ventricle
Term
Any artificial products or features which appear on an electrocardiogram tracing are called ...?
Definition
Artifacts
Term
If you are performing an electrocardiogram on someone who is rated, a copy of that electrocardiogram must be sent to the ...?
Definition
US Air Force Central Cardiogram Library
Term
For orthostatic vital sign measurements what is the correct sequence to take the blood pressure and pulse; and what is the correct time interval between readings?
Definition
Lying, Sitting, Standing; 5 minutes
Term
Notify the nurse or physician immediately if the patient's oxygen saturation falls below ...?
Definition
97 percent
Term
When checking the eyes during a neurological exam the pupils should ...?
Definition
Constrict quickly and simultaneously
Term
When cleaning a two inch laceration on a healthy active duty male's right forearm, you notice some foreign material in the wound, what would be the next step?
Definition
Flush the wound
Term
After you have applied a topical anesthetic to a wound that requires treatment, what should you do next?
Definition
Assess sensory awareness
Term
In the Air Force, how often should you check emergency equipment and supplies in the crash ambulance?
Definition
Daily
Term
How much vacuum must suction units provide when the tube is clamped?
Definition
300 mm Hg
Term
Which emergency response refers to an emergency responding with lights and sirens?
Definition
code 3; hot
Term
When transmitting information about a patient over the radio, what information should not be broadcast?
Definition
Name
Term
In the Air Force you can use lights and sirens on an ambulance call only when ...?
Definition
Local protocol authorizes it
Term
The action of assessing the scene of an accident to provide valuable information to the emergency medical technician is called ...?
Definition
Scene size-up
Term
When you ask a medical patient what may have triggered his/her pain you are questioning about...?
Definition
onset
Term
While gathering a history of illness, when you ask a medical patient if the pain is constant or intermittent, what are you trying to determine?
Definition
Severity
Term
When preparing to unload a patient from an ambulance, what should you do first?
Definition
Ensure all straps are secured on the patient
Term
If you see clear fluid running out of the patient's ears you should ...?
Definition
Not block the fluid from draining
Term
While examining a patient that fell from a ladder, you notice a bruise behind the ear, what injury should you suspect?
Definition
Basal skull fracture
Term
Which acronym is used by emergency medical technicians in the field to describe a possible fracture?
Definition
Painful Swollen Deformity ( PSD )
Term
While working in the ER a patient comes in and states that he has splashed a chemical in his eye, what should you determine first?
Definition
If the patient is wearing contact lenses and what type
Term
In what anatomical location is the pacemaker lead inserted when using a temporary external pulse generator?
Definition
The Right Atrium
Term
When setting up the cardiac monitor, the legal document you should pay particular attention to and fix if incorrect is the...?
Definition
Electrocardiogram tracing date and time
Term
Which statement would be the responsibility of the medical technician during a routine patient admission to a nursing unit?
Definition
Obtain patient's vital signs, height and weight
Term
What considerations determine the steps in the routine admission process?
Definition
The patient's condition and the facility policy
Term
While admitting a patient, you notice that the patient seems dizzy and unstable, what should you do?
Definition
Inform the nurse that the patient is at risk for falling.
Term
Who authorizes transfer of a patient care for an interservice transfer?
Definition
Both service Chiefs
Term
During the transfer of a psychiatric patient requiring sedation, how are the patient's valuables safeguarded?
Definition
Designated custodian signs for the property, and forwards the items by registered mail.
Term
Which statement allows a patient to depart from the medical facility for a short period of time, usually between 24 and 48 hours?
Definition
Pass
Term
Verbal orders must be countersigned by the ordering physician within how many hours?
Definition
24
Term
What surgical case would likely be performed in a same day surgery clinic?
Definition
Odonectomy
Term
Without provider approval, what are the maximum minutes antiembolism stocking may be removed?
Definition
30
Term
What precaution is taken for a postoperative patient who received a radioisotope implant?
Definition
Isolation is necessary
Term
When performing a neurological check on a patient, which examination would indicate an appropriate response to light being flashed on the patient's eyes?
Definition
Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to light and Accomodation
Term
With regard to blood transfusions, one of your responsibilities is to document a patient's transfusion on ...?
Definition
A standard form 518
Term
What component of blood is involved in the clotting process?
Definition
Platelets
Term
How is whole blood normally supplied?
Definition
450 cc
Term
What is the guideline for the maximum minutes of time from pick up to transfusion start of blood products?
Definition
30
Term
The most common forms that a medical technician will be responsible for completing are the ...?
Definition
vital signs record and progress notes
Term
What is the proper method of annotating shift change totals on the DD form 792, Intake and Output Worksheet?
Definition
Circle the last accumulated total
Term
If an inpatient chart with doctor's orders for vital signs every 4 hours was blank for the day, you would assume the ...
Definition
vital signs were not completed
Term
which nursing activity is the main aspect of resolving nursing diagnoses?
Definition
Planning
Term
Relative to the nursing process, what is a client goal?
Definition
A realistic and measurable statement of the expected change in the patient's behavior
Term
Which action is performed to help the patient reach his/her goals most effectively?
Definition
Nursing interventions
Term
What is a way to help relieve most of the patient's concerns prior to surgery?
Definition
Preoperative teaching
Term
What has significant impact on the patient's perceived quality of care and treatment?
Definition
Professionalism and caring
Term
The surgery patient is given a preoperative medication to...?
Definition
Dry mucous membranes
Term
If a patient you are monitoring is receiving a blood transfusion and you notice distended neck veins and dyspnea. What should you do first?
Definition
Stop the transfusion.
Term
A post-operative patient who is agitated, thrashing violently or crying incessantly is most likely experiencing ...?
Definition
Emergence delirium
Term
Ideally, in what position is a patient placed before performing oropharyngeal suctioning?
Definition
Semisitting
Term
A fracture that results from disease, such as metastatic cancer of the bone,is called...?
Definition
Pathologic
Term
Orthopaedic deformities such as a clubfoot or wryneck are categorized as what?
Definition
Congenital
Term
Military personal are commonly treated or hospitalized for what orthopedic problems?
Definition
Traumatic Injuries
Term
The Semi-recumbent position should be avoided over long periods of time in the patients with orthopedic disorders because it...?
Definition
Promotes flexion deformities of the hip
Term
What orthopedic problem would you suspect if your patient complains of soreness or aching?
Definition
Muscular pain
Term
What are determining factors for healing time of a bone fracture?
Definition
Age, Extent of injury and circulation to the area
Term
The cramping, burning, or crushing pain complained about by amputees in their missing limb is referred to as a ...?
Definition
Phantom limb pain
Term
What equipment is essential to have at the postoperative bedside after surgical amputation of a limb?
Definition
Tourniquet
Term
Rehabilitation for a patient with a spinal cord injury is normally...?
Definition
a life-long process
Term
Turning a patient on a stryker frame quickly after a spinal cord injury can cause ...?
Definition
Cardiac arrest
Term
During the acute stage of the stroke the primary goal is to?
Definition
Maintain mobility
Term
During which child developmental stage is separation anxiety the most stressful?
Definition
Preschool
Term
Which statement provides a hospitalized child with a sense of control?
Definition
Established daily rituals and routines
Term
The normal adaptive mechanism used by children when they loose their sense of control is?
Definition
Regression
Term
When caring for a child with nausea and vomiting, a primary concern would be...?
Definition
Dehydration
Term
Which reason is not appropriate for restraining a child?
Definition
You have other tasks to do, and no time to sit with the child.
Term
The amount of sleep required at night by elderly patients is generally ...?
Definition
Less because of frequent daytime naps
Term
How would you help stimulate the appetite of an elderly patient?
Definition
Cater to the patient's customs
Term
The first stage of dying is ?
Definition
Denial
Term
What serious side effect is the result of leakage of chemotherapy from the vein into the surrounding tissues?
Definition
Extravasation
Term
All that a person is, feels, and does is generally termed what?
Definition
Personality
Term
What affects on an individual's feelings about themselves?
Definition
Self perception
Term
Which psychiatric term defines an irresistible urge to perform apparently meaningless actions?
Definition
Compulsion
Term
Which psychiatric term defines a functional disorder where there is not gross disorganization of personality or a loss of contact with reality?
Definition
Neuroses
Term
A patient who feels unloved, unneeded, inferior and hurt displays a behavior of...?
Definition
Withdrawal
Term
How are behavior disorders and syndromes grouped into categories?
Definition
Shared characteristics or established criteria
Term
When does the rehabilitation process begin with a mentally ill patient?
Definition
As soon as the patient is admitted
Term
What major problem affects mental health treatment?
Definition
Attitude of society
Term
When observing and reporting on mentally ill patients, the most important factor to consider is ...?
Definition
Behavior
Term
If you see a mentally ill patient sneak out of the nursing unit, take all of the following actions...?
Definition
Telephone for help, try to describe the patient to include clothing, note the direction in which the patient is heading.

(**Do not leave the other patients to follow the escaping patient)
Term
Who is at fault for the sexual abuse of a child?
Definition
Abuser
Term
What action, if any, should you take if you notice a child you are taking care of shows signs of abuse such as burns or bruises?
Definition
Report the suspected abuse
Term
What occurs in the third phase of spousal abuse?
Definition
Spouse states it will never happen again
Term
If a patient is being restrained, what position should he or she be in if the patient is recovering from alcohol intoxication and is extremely agitated?
Definition
Prone
Term
For patients that suffer from pain, the best way to ensure a successful exercise activity program is to?
Definition
Begin the program early in the patient's hospital stay
Term
When planning activities for patient's with psychological problems, your primary goal should be to...?
Definition
Develop a good rapport
Term
What should you do to help patients who become angry and hostile?
Definition
Allow them to channel their hostility through verbal expression
Term
To aid in preventing decubitus ulcers, patient positioning should be changed every ...?
Definition
2 hours
Term
Why should your feet be parallel when you are standing?
Definition
Maintain balance and prevent back, hip and leg strain
Term
Your stability increases as your center of gravity moves closer to your ...?
Definition
base of support
Term
Which technique for moving the patient up in the bed is NOT used for a patient who has back or chest injuries?
Definition
Shoulder-lift
Term
When turning a patient, what is the most important precaution to take whether you are pushing or pulling the patient?
Definition
Use the far side rail
Term
When transferring patients, you can reduce the chance of injury to yourself by...?
Definition
Using good teamwork and proper body mechanics
Term
A patient's feet must be placed on the floor or a footstool during "dangling" to prevent ...?
Definition
Pressure on the back of the legs
Term
Which devices can be used to slide a patient from the bed to a stretcher?
Definition
Drawsheet and roller board
Term
When helping a patient to ambulate, how should you stand and where should you place your hands?
Definition
Beside and a little behind the patient with one hand on the patient's waist and one hand under the patient's near arm.
Term
Which is a safe, stable gait that can be used by patients who can bear some weight on both legs?
Definition
two-point
Term
Which gait is used by patients who can bear full body weight on one foot and partial or no weight on the other?
Definition
three-point
Term
Isometric exercises are activities that involve...?
Definition
Muscle contraction without body movement
Term
Care must be taken to ensure patient's do not hold their breath while performing isometric exercises as that may cause...?
Definition
heart attack
Term
What diet is usually ordered for patients who have difficulty chewing or swallowing , or need to alter the amount of residue in the digestive tract?
Definition
liquid
Term
The diet that is adequate in all nutrients and should not be given for more than 3 days is the...?
Definition
clear liquid
Term
What should the solution temperature be during gastric gavage?
Definition
room temperature
Term
To prevent rapid decompression of the urinary bladder, the maximum amount of urine to remove during catherization is between...?
Definition
750 to 1000 cc
Term
During catheterization of a female patient, how many inches is the catheter inserted for placement in the urinary bladder?
Definition
2-3
Term
The urinary catheter is pinched prior to removal from the bladder to...?
Definition
Prevent air from entering into the bladder
Term
For what length of time in minutes should the patient retain the solution of a cleansing enema?
Definition
5
Term
The patient's colostomy bag should be changed when it is ...?
Definition
3/4 full
Term
What is the normal arterial oxygen saturation range?
Definition
95-98 %
Term
For patient's using a nonrebreathing mask, the inspired oxygen concentration is?
Definition
60-90 percent
Term
Which mask is suggested for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Definition
Venturi
Term
Before performing tracheostomy care, you would first ...?
Definition
Assess the stoma for patency
Term
This is usually described by the patient as a jumping, pounding, or stopping of the heart within the chest
Definition
Palpitation
Term
When preparing a patient for insertion of a central venous pressure line , what maneuver is taught to the patient to decrease the chance of an air embolism?
Definition
valsalva
Term
For insertion of a central venous pressure line into a neck vein, in what position should the patient be placed?
Definition
Trendelenburg
Term
How many minutes should you irrigate a chemical burn to the eye?
Definition
20
Term
There is a high rate of success for tooth replacement if a dentist carries out the procedure within how many minutes of the accident?
Definition
30
Term
How are corneal abrasions detected?
Definition
Fluorescein Stain
Term
Damage to the epidermis with possible damage to the dermis and its appendages is classified as what type of burn?
Definition
Partial thickness
Term
When caring for a patient with electrical burns at a facility, your first priority is...?
Definition
Management of the patient's airway
Term
How would you apply a dressing with the intention of debriding a wound?
Definition
Wet to dry
Term
What reflex action would be caused if you leave a heat treatment in place for a prolonged period of time?
Definition
Reflex vasoconstriction
Term
When applying a cold treatment, how long should you leave it in place?
Definition
20-30 minutes
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