Term
|
Definition
*.aes - via CLI or GUI command > download
contains RTOS (Real Time OS), Code (website), ppcboot.bin (boot file) |
|
|
Term
| Frequency-division multiple access |
|
Definition
| - channel access method used in multiple-access protocols as a channelization protocol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1 - 100%
2 - 50%
3 - 25%
4 - 12.5% |
|
|
Term
How many VLANs does a Cisco AP handle?
WLC? |
|
Definition
16 - normally 1 SSID to VLAN
512 on WLC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 nodes attempt to send at the same time. both see AP, neither see the other. |
|
|
Term
Common Indoor omnidirectional antennas:
2.2-dBi dipole
AIR-ANT1728
AIR-ANT2506
AIR-ANT 24120 |
|
Definition
2.2-dBi dipole: AKA rubber duck
AIR-ANT1728: ceiling mount tube, 5.2 dBi
AIR-ANT2506: ceiling mount tube, 5.2 dBi
AIR-ANT 24120: ceiling mount tube, 12 dBi |
|
|
Term
| ETSI regulated EIRP output |
|
Definition
20 dbm point-to-point
17 dbm point-to-multipoint |
|
|
Term
| max number of APs a single WCS Navigator management console with WCS and WLC running 5.0 code |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cisco Wireless LAN Controller max APs |
|
Definition
| 300 with a WiSM (150 per controller, 2 controllers) |
|
|
Term
| FCC regulates point-to-point and point-to-multipoint EIRP to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Default Local Database size for local users |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Number of lightweight APs in the mobility domain? |
|
Definition
| 7200 - 12 WiSM (300 AP's each) clustered in a mobility group |
|
|
Term
| how many devices can Bluetooth pair |
|
Definition
8
current standard is 2.1 + EDR |
|
|
Term
| Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) |
|
Definition
802.11g & a
increases bandwidth and resists multipath problems by carrying data in subcarriers
digital modulation method that splits a signal into multiple narrowband subcariers |
|
|
Term
| IEEE standard for wireless PAN and broadband |
|
Definition
802.15 wireless PAN (~Bluetooth)
802.16 wireless broadband (~WiMax) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| AP has greater range than client, client sees AP, but AP does not see client |
|
|
Term
| What option requires an AP to have a previous association with a Cisco WLC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lightweight AP to successfully establish a connection to controller |
|
Definition
| AP sends certificate to controller. AP authenticates the receiving WLC certificate as valid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ad-hoc: one client provides name and encryption (BSS). Because a central device is not required it is called an IBSS (Independent Basic Service Set)
Infrastructure: |
|
|
Term
| AP coverage area is called: |
|
Definition
Basic Service Area (BSA)
for multiples it is Extended Service Area (ESA) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CLI: iwconfig
GUI: networkmanager
can do Constant Awake Mode (CAM) = better performance, worse battery life |
|
|
Term
| Limitation of the Cisco WLAN Solution management over wireless feature |
|
Definition
| Can not upload/download files to the WLC. |
|
|
Term
| Cisco Secure Services Client Suite |
|
Definition
Cisco Secure Services Client Administration Utilities
Cisco Secure Services Client
Cisco Secure Services Client Log Packager |
|
|
Term
| Cisco Smart Business Communication System (SBCS) components |
|
Definition
Cisco Unifies Communications System (UCS) 500: also a DHCP server
Cisco unified IP phones
Cisco Monitor Director
Cisco Mobility solution
526 wireless express controller: max 6 AP's, 2 controllers per community
521 wireless express Access point |
|
|
Term
| Command to see a summary of all APs in the WCS database |
|
Definition
| Configure --> Access Points |
|
|
Term
| WLC join request contains |
|
Definition
Controller type & MAC
AP hardware/software version
AP name
AP number/type of radios
certificate payload x.509
session payload
jumbo frame test payload |
|
|
Term
| AP boots and obtains an IP, using DHCP. AP confirmed prior controller IP from a previously joined mobility group stored in NVRAM. What is the next action. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Configuration of a WLC as a RADIUS client ensured |
|
Definition
| Defiens a RADIUS server secret at both the RADIUS server and the controller |
|
|
Term
| Function of Pre-shared key when used as an authentication method for WPA/WPA2 |
|
Definition
Derive Pairwise Transient Key
Act as pairwise master key during the bidirectional handshake |
|
|
Term
| Aironet Desktop Utility (ADU) tests |
|
Definition
Driver installation
card insertion
card enable
radio
association
authentication
network |
|
|
Term
| For authentication to be successful, what is important about the EAP type? |
|
Definition
| EAP type must be supported by the authentication server |
|
|
Term
| Cisco ADU can select WAP/WPA2/CCKM and |
|
Definition
| EAP type to be used for authentication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) = transmission power - cable loss + antenna gain. |
|
|
Term
| What is the 802.11g encoding and Modulation: |
|
Definition
Encoding: 11 chip Barker and Complementary Code Keying (CCK)
Modulation: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
Modulation: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) & Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
inary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) at 2.4GHz |
|
|
Term
| What is the 802.11 encoding and Modulation for 1MBps? |
|
Definition
Encoding: 11 chip Barker coding
Modulation: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) & Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) at 2.4GHz |
|
|
Term
| What is the 802.11 encoding and Modulation for 2MBps? |
|
Definition
Encoding: 11 chip Barker coding
Modulation: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) & Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) at 2.4GHz |
|
|
Term
| What is the 802.11b encoding and Modulation for 11MBps? |
|
Definition
Encoding: 8 chip encoding & 4 bit Complementary Code Keying (CCK) coding
Modulation: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) & Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) at 2.4GHz |
|
|
Term
| What is the 802.11b encoding and Modulation for 5.5MBps? |
|
Definition
Encoding: 8 chip encoding & 8 bit Complementary Code Keying (CCK) coding
Modulation: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) & Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) at 2.4GHz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
H-plane = Azimuth or horizontal plane
E-plane = Elevation or vertical plane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Home Automation, Monitoring, Control Systems
US 915 mHz
Europe 868 MHz
world 2.4 GHz
802.15.4 |
|
|
Term
| AP mode for across a WAN from WLC |
|
Definition
| Hybrid Remote Edge AP (H-REAP): link must be 128k+, <100ms delay, handle 4MB AP code update. |
|
|
Term
| Method of obtaining AP's IP |
|
Definition
IP Setup Utility
CDP
DHCP server log |
|
|
Term
| Information needed to add a WLC to a WCS |
|
Definition
| IP address of management interface |
|
|
Term
Cisco WLC to AP communication protocol?
WLC handles? |
|
Definition
LWAPP
association, roaming reassociation, authentication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Layer 2
Layer 3: asymmetric tunneling - return traffic goes to original anchor controller, sending goes to new
symmetric: traffic all goes to anchor/original controller.
all within same mobility domain |
|
|
Term
| Network ID on an AP with multiple SSID's |
|
Definition
| MBSSID: Multiple Basic Service Set Identifier |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MS/Cisco Standard, server side certificate used. |
|
|
Term
| What does attacks does MFP (Management Frame Protection) help prevent? |
|
Definition
Man-in-the-middle
Denial of Service
Management Frame Protection (MFP): uses message integrity check (MIC) for mutual authentication
MFP v1: local mode AP's are protectors
MFP v2: Cisco Secure Services Client (CSSC) or running Cisco Compatible Extention v5 (CCX5) |
|
|
Term
| Three types of wireless frames |
|
Definition
Management: send beacons or probes, join/leave
Control: ack receipt of data, RTS/CTS
Data |
|
|
Term
| Three elements of the 802.11N implementation of MIMO |
|
Definition
Maximum Ratio Combining
Spatial Multiplexing
Transmit Beam Forming |
|
|
Term
| Type of Cisco antenna connector |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An 802.11g AP sends what flags to indicate an 802.11b client is present or not: |
|
Definition
NON_ERP present = 802.11b is on AP
Use protection = 802.11b on nearby AP only |
|
|
Term
| What modulation is used by 802.11g and 802.11a? |
|
Definition
| Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing - OFDM, also used on 802.11g |
|
|
Term
| Radio resource management (RRM) provides what services |
|
Definition
Over the air provisioning
Rouge AP classification
Dynamic channel assignment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| PKI certificate on client and AP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Provide Vendor proprietary info and SSIDs (if enabled) |
|
|
Term
| modulation used by 802.11g |
|
Definition
| Quadrature Amplitude Modulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI): Vendor measurement of antenna strength |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Required fro WPA2 and is the same algorithm used in 802.11i |
|
|
Term
| during AP lightweight conversion |
|
Definition
SSID can not be tied to a radio only an AP
only one authentication server
one authentication type |
|
|
Term
| EAP-FAST parameters needed |
|
Definition
Server Key
TTL for PAC
Authority ID
Authority ID Information |
|
|
Term
| how to Application Specific Device (ASD) from laptop computers in the way they support Cisco Compatible Extension CCX |
|
Definition
| Several features that are required for laptops are not required for ASDs. |
|
|
Term
| Radio resource management (RRM) optimizes, fairly allocates, and adaptively reuses wireless resources: handles |
|
Definition
Transmission power
Channel assignment |
|
|
Term
| 802.11a Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (UNII) |
|
Definition
UNII-1 / Indoor: 5.15-5.25 GHz, Indoor/outdoor
UNII-2 Low: 5.25-5.35 GHz, Indoor/outdoor wih DFC and TPC
UNII-3: (UNII/ISM): 5.725-5.825: FCC indoor/outdoor, Not usable per ETSI |
|
|
Term
| Infrastructure Basic Service Set enables |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vertical
Horizontal
circular |
|
|
Term
| to convert a standalone AP to Lightweight |
|
Definition
WLC
upgrade image: Autonomous to lightweight image
TFTP server |
|
|
Term
| lightweight AP upgrade req. |
|
Definition
WLC 3.1+
Layer 3 LWAPP mode
AP 12.3(7)JA
DHCP option 43 used to find (has a hexidecimal string of the WLC's management IP address) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wireless clients
access points
network unification
network management
network services |
|
|
Term
| Cisco Secure Services Client File format |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Windows Zero Configuration (WZC) tool |
|
Definition
| active scans: sends blank SSID probes every 60 seconds |
|
|
Term
| default username and password on WLC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If an AP can't contact the primary, secondary, or tertiary WLC are unavailable |
|
Definition
| attempts to join the Master Controller |
|
|
Term
| type of Workgroup bridge (WGB) |
|
Definition
autonomous Workgroup bridge (aWGB): connects only to upstream Cisco AP.
Universal Workgroup bridge (uWGB): connects to any AP, acts as a single client. New standard.
Note: if used as a repeater, only one SSID is supported and root AP must be Cisco. |
|
|
Term
| Antenna characterization attribute |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cisco Site Survey Utility (CSSU) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Client using WPA2 and EAP authentication stores wireless keys |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
client connects to a spoofed/rouge AP with the same SSID
defense:
Management Frame Protection (MFP): uses message integrity check (MIC) for mutual authentication
MFP v1: local mode AP's are protectors
MFP v2: Cisco Secure Services Client (CSSC) or running Cisco Compatible Extention v5 (CCX5) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| combination of Extensible Authentication Protocol with Advanced Encryption Standard |
|
|
Term
| WLC CLI commands assigned to the IOS on the switch native VLAN interface |
|
Definition
| config interface vlan management 0 |
|
|
Term
command to add default gateway on WLC
Save configuration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
add WLC via WCS
setup templates on WCS
setup auto provisioning |
|
Definition
configure > controller
Configure > controller templates
Configure > auto provisioning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
debug dot1x
debug debug mac addr
debug lwapp
debug aaa
debug dot11: troubleshoot mobility, load balancing, rogue detection, |
|
|
Term
| Cisco Aironet Configuration Utility (ACAU) |
|
Definition
| deploy Aironet Desktop Utility (ADU) and client profiles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| derived from measuring the RF duty cycle |
|
|
Term
| State of an AP joining controller |
|
Definition
discover
join sent when AP is primed
image data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| factor EIRP and attenuation for transmission |
|
|
Term
| How to access WLC boot menu |
|
Definition
hit ESC during boot
can boot primary & backup images
manually update image
change active image
clear config |
|
|
Term
| access controller boot sequence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| home screen & controller > Inventory |
|
|
Term
| Hybrid Remote Edge AP (H-REAP) operation if link between it and the WLC fails |
|
Definition
if configured:
clients using WPA/WPA2 with PSK and locally switched WLANs will continue to operate
locally switched WLANs will continue to operate using |
|
|
Term
| WLAN client data interface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
local mode: scan, IDS, site survey, monitor traffic
monitor mode: passive
sniffer mode: forensics
rogue detection: radios off, listen only, each AP can contain 3
H-REAP |
|
|
Term
WCS SNMP
SNMP traps
SNMP community strings |
|
Definition
management > SNMP > General
management > SNMP > Trap logs
management > SNMP > communities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
management > logs > message
facility level 0 = kernel
level 5 = syslog |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
management: controls communications for all physical ports, trunk or access, mobility management, DHCP relay, and guest web authentication
AP-Manager: used for Layer 3 communication between WLC and AP's
service port: console, access only. use CLI to configue Default gateway - config route. only one active at boot
virtual: only consistently pingable in-band interface IP on WLC
Dynamic: analogous to VLAN for Wireless LAN client device |
|
|
Term
| FCC regulated maximum transmit power and gain is? |
|
Definition
max 30dbm transmitter and 6 dbm gain on the antenna and cable
allowed a 1:1 ratio point-to-point
3:1 ratio point-to-multipoint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
monitor > maps
monitor > clients > Mac address (also rouges, security settings, radio resource management) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
multi-mile range
fixed WiMAX typically have higher gain antenna installed near the client |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
personal mode: preshared key
Enterprise mode: Authentication server - RADIUS.
WPA uses TKIP and is a subset of the 802.11i standard |
|
|
Term
| Cisco Secure Services Client (SSC) |
|
Definition
| provides 802.1x authentication, replaces Windows Zero Config WZC utility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
replaces LEAP
uses Protected Authentication Controller (PAC) instead of PKI
Requires Cisco Compatible Extention (CCX) version 3 |
|
|
Term
| WCS debugs will turn off: |
|
Definition
| run debug disable-all or if the session times out |
|
|
Term
Cisco Aironet Desktop Utility (ADU):
Cisco Aironet System Tray Utility (ASTU): |
|
Definition
| scan channels, signal to noise ration, etc with Cisco cards |
|
|
Term
| After LWAPP discovery request is broadcast, what will an AP in layer 3 controller discovery mode do? |
|
Definition
| send LWAPP discovery request to WLCs learned via Over The Air Provisioning - OTAP (if operational) |
|
|
Term
| WCS see setup configuration |
|
Definition
show running-config
show run-config: state of the system |
|
|
Term
| Effect of configuring one SSID for both TKIP and AES |
|
Definition
| some wireless client drivers can not handle complex SSIDs and associate with the WLAN |
|
|
Term
| Cisco Wireless Control Server (WCS) |
|
Definition
tracks 2500 clients
500 AP's per server, 3000 APs total
250 controllers
incompatible with IIS on Windows (ISS must be disabled)
also runs on Linux |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two nodes send on same channel, AP's to close, collision occur |
|
|
Term
| AP client security options |
|
Definition
unsecured
802.1x: encrypts authentication
WPA/WPA2: encrypts authentication, uses passphrase
CCKM: |
|
|
Term
| Cisco Client Extension (CCX) |
|
Definition
| used to test interoperability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
username
public key
serial number
valid dates
CA information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vertical distance between crests |
|
|
Term
| When dows rate shifting occur |
|
Definition
| when the distance to the AP increases an missed-symbol rate as increased |
|
|
Term
| Voltage Standing Wave Radio (VSWR) |
|
Definition
| measurement of mismatched impedance in an RF system |
|
|
Term
| What is an absolute measurement of RF signal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IEEE 802.3-2005, Clause 33. replaces 802.3af |
|
|
Term
| What is a sectorized and phased array antenna |
|
Definition
Sectorized antenna: high gain antenna that works back-to-back with other sectorized antennas.
phased array antenna: multiple antennas connected to a single processor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| point an antenna is connected to a wireless transmission system |
|
|
Term
802.11n PHY modes
under High Throughput OFDM - HT-OFDM |
|
Definition
non-HT mode: OFDM or ERP-OFDM - 802.11g
HT mixed mode: 802.11g and 802.11n
greenfield mode: 802.11n only |
|
|
Term
| PHY sthandard for 802.11g |
|
Definition
| Extended Rate PHY (ERP), allows OFDM to be used |
|
|
Term
| DSSS specifies how many channels |
|
Definition
| 14, 11 can be used in the US |
|
|
Term
| How many subcarriers are used in each OFDM channels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many channels are specified for per U-NII band |
|
Definition
4 per band, 3 (lower, middle, upper) bands, 12 total.
Europe only uses lower and middle band |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interframe Spacing (IFS) is the time interval in which frames cannot be transmitted by stations within a BSS |
|
|
Term
| Types of Interframe Spacing (IFS) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Short Interframe Spacing (SIFS): Shortest, take priority --> ACK and Clear to Send (CTS)
PIFS (Point Interframe Spacing) priority grater than DIFS
DIFS (Distributed Interframe Spacing) longest, used for data
EIFS (Extended Interframe Spacing) used when received frames corrupt/incomplete. based on FCS value. |
|
|
Term
| Three IEEE 802.11 state machines |
|
Definition
Unauthenticated/unassociated: disconnected
authenticated/unassociated: client station can issue associated request, system can associate with an unlimited number of APs
authenticated/associated: system can only connect to one at a time |
|
|
Term
| Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer |
|
Definition
| portion of 802.11 PHY responsible for transmitting information using GPSK, DBPSK, DQPSK, etc. |
|
|
Term
| Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP): |
|
Definition
| responsible for abstracting the PMD to/from the data link |
|
|
Term
MAC Service Data Unit (MSDU)
MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| another name for a Wireless station |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SSID people friendly name
BSSID: machine friendly name, MAC |
|
|
Term
| Distributed System Services (DSS) |
|
Definition
| services that provide delivery of the frame payloads within a BSS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
non-transition: static/local movement only
BSS-transition: moving around to different BSSs within an ESS
ESS-transition: moving from one ESS to another. IEEE states it is not guaranteed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Independent BSS
Infrastructure BSS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lightweight AP: centralized architecture
Autonomous AP: intelligent edge |
|
|
Term
wireless bridge
wireless workgroup bridge |
|
Definition
wireless bridge: bridge between 2 wired segments
wireless workgroup bridge: can act as a client to AP and bridge to a group of wired devices |
|
|
