Term
| What lab value is used to assess the therapeutic level of heparin? What are the desired levels of this test? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What lab value is used to assess the therapeutic level of coumadin? What are the desired levels of this test? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the normal PT value? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bucking on the ventilator may mean... |
|
Definition
Hypoxia
Patient needs suctioning |
|
|
Term
| What are signs and symptoms of ventilator toxicity? |
|
Definition
| Pulmonary infiltrates VQ (Ventilation/perfusion) mismatch with decreased oxygen transfer |
|
|
Term
| Patients with ARDS and or COPD may need what adjusted when on a ventilator? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the proper dose for fentannyl? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the potential adverse effect of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
| May cause chest wall spasms |
|
|
Term
| When performing RSI, you should preoxygenate for ____ minutes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the different Meningitis types and the signs/symptoms of each? |
|
Definition
viral and bacterial
headache, neck pain, inability to straighten legs and flex neck |
|
|
Term
| Hepatitis B is transmitted by _____? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hepatitis A is transmitted by _____? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the maximum PIP: Peak inspiratory pressure ? Which two conditions may this be increased for? |
|
Definition
| < 40 cm of H2O may be increased for ARDS and COPD |
|
|
Term
| What is the proper ventilator rate for an adult? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the sensativity of Ventilators? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often should a "sigh" be set on the ventilator? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the normal tidal Volume? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the proper flow rate for ventilators? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 5 types of abnormal respirations? |
|
Definition
| Depression, Failure, Insufficiency, Arrest, V/Q defect or mismatch |
|
|
Term
| Apneustic respirations are caused by... |
|
Definition
| Respiratory Center Lesions |
|
|
Term
| Kussmaul Respirations are caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are reasons for RSI? |
|
Definition
| Full Stomach theory, increased ICp, Overdose, Burns, Chest Trauma, Gi Bleed |
|
|
Term
| Biot's respirations are caused by |
|
Definition
| CNS Dysfunction Meningitis |
|
|
Term
| Cheyne-Stokes respirations are caused by... |
|
Definition
| Increased ICP, CHF, Renal Failure, Meningitis, Overdose |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A way to measure cardiac output by placing cold solutionthrough Swann-Ganz, computer calculates CO by distrubution of cold fluid. |
|
|
Term
| What id the proper location for chest tubes? |
|
Definition
hemo - 5th rib mid - axillary
pnemo - 2-3 third rib mid-clavicular |
|
|
Term
| Tuberculosis is caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of tuberculosis? |
|
Definition
| Cough,night sweats, hemoptysis, fever, pleurisy, anorexia, weight loss |
|
|
Term
| What is the best way to break the circle of transmission? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal PTT - Partial thromboplastin time value? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the normal specific gravity for a urinalysis? What does a specific gravity mean? |
|
Definition
1.003 -1.030
Nephrosis = kidney disease
Diabetes
fluid loss |
|
|
Term
| What is the normal urin out put for Adult, Ped, Neonate? |
|
Definition
Adult - 30-70 cc/hr
ped - 1cc/kg/hr
neonate - 2cc/kg/hr |
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|
Term
| Liver enzymes must be not more than? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal potassium level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal sodium level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary extracellular ion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the rimary intracellular ion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Herpes Zoster in the Adult is also called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the normal BUN (Blood urea nitrogen: Creatine ratio? What would an abnormal ratio indicate? |
|
Definition
10:1
Indicative of renal failure |
|
|
Term
| ABGs are useful in determining... |
|
Definition
| Determining metabolic vs. respiratory acid/base abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| What are normal platelet levels and what are they used to assess? |
|
Definition
150,000 - 400,000 per cubic millimeter of blood mm3
To diagnose and/or monitor bleeding and clotting disorders |
|
|
Term
| How do you perform a tactile fremitus assessment by palpation? |
|
Definition
| palpate the patient's chest wall while the patient takes a breath and says "99" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fluid or air spaces - commonly found in pneumonia |
|
|
Term
| List some abnormal lung sounds.. |
|
Definition
| Wet vs dry, bronchial vs vesicular, resonance, diminished or absent, crackles, wheezes, rhonci, stridor, friction rub |
|
|
Term
| Lungs sounds can be ______ or _____ pitched.Which is normal ? |
|
Definition
| High or Low - Low is normal |
|
|
Term
| What are the durations of lung sounds? |
|
Definition
| Long, Short, continuous, interrupted |
|
|
Term
| What are the two factors that affect lung sounds? |
|
Definition
| Distance from source, obesity, consolidation, atlactasis, Bronchiectasis |
|
|
Term
| What are the Lungs landmarks? |
|
Definition
| Apex 2-4 cm inner 3rd of anterior clavicleBase 6th rib mid-clavicular 8th rib mid axillary |
|
|
Term
| What is the correct procedure/ location for a tracheostomy? |
|
Definition
| 1 cm incision superior to the suprasternal notch. |
|
|
Term
| What is the proper management of a decannulation of a trached patient's tube? |
|
Definition
| Intubate, may need pediatric blade or trach spreaders to visualize. |
|
|
Term
| What are causes of tachypena? |
|
Definition
| ASA poisoning, Lesions to respiratory center, Fever |
|
|
Term
| A Fever will increase respirations by? |
|
Definition
| 4 breaths per minute per degree |
|
|
Term
| What are some causes of false SaO2 readings? |
|
Definition
| CO poisoning , temperature, extreme vasconstriction |
|
|
Term
| What are some methods of decreasing ICP? |
|
Definition
| Decrease external stimulation, insure quiet invironment, pull slouching patient to top of bed, elevate head of bed, shut off bright lights, align head and neck, surgical intervention. |
|
|
Term
| What medications are used for decreasing ICP? |
|
Definition
| Sedation,Paralytics, Diuretics, Steroids, barbiturate-induced coma |
|
|
Term
| What does the phrenic nerve ( A nerve, arising from the third, fourth, and fifth cervical (cervical plexus) segments of the spinal cord) do? |
|
Definition
| nnervates disphragm (stimulates to action) |
|
|
Term
| What is an additive used for multiple blood transfusions? |
|
Definition
| Citrate is the anticoagulant used in blood products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intermittent mandatory ventilation |
|
|
Term
| What are signs and symptoms of increasing ICP? |
|
Definition
| Restlessness, Agitation, Disorientation, Occasional PVCs, Hypoxia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ssisted Controlled Ventilations |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 ways to look at CFS Leakage? |
|
Definition
| Halo Test: Oral or Mouth, Rhinorrhea - commonly referred to as runny nose, consists of a significant amount of nasal fluid otorrhea - Ear discharge (otorrhea) is drainage exiting the ear |
|
|
Term
| When obtaining a PAWP the balloon should not remain inflated longer than _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PTT of _____seconds is an indicator for heparin therapy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PAP value - pulmonary artery pressure |
|
Definition
| 15-30 mmHg systolic, 8-15 mmHg diastolic, 10-20 mmHg mean pressure ( page 579 ) |
|
|
Term
| Procedure for deactivating an Automatic internal cardiac defibrillator. |
|
Definition
1)Palpate the boundaries
2)Approach from directly above with cardiac magnet
3)Synchronous tone lasts 30 seconds followed by a continuous tone=unit off
4)Remove magnet straight up. |
|
|
Term
| Biot's (ataxic) breathing is caused by |
|
Definition
| Meningitis, CNS dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| Which antiarrhythmic is a Class II (beta blocker) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The probability that the test will be negative in the absence of disease. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F:Venous blood never passes through the lungs during right to left cardiac shunting. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mean arterial pressure (MAP), minus intracranial pressure (ICP), equals: |
|
Definition
| Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The primary intracellular cation is __________ and the primary extracellular cation is __________. |
|
Definition
| Potassium (K+)Sodium (Na+) |
|
|
Term
| Nipride must be ______________ and NTG must be in a _____________, be sure to saturate the IV tubing before administration. |
|
Definition
| wrapped in foil , glass bottle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Quinidine, Pronestyl, and Norpace |
|
|
Term
| O2 cylinder capacity G cylinder has how many liters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The correct procedure for a tracheostomy incision is ____ superior to the _____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A common problem of specimen collection associated with the breakdown or RBCs and subsequent release of hemoglobin is known as: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Correct placement of the IABP catheter is at the level of the __________, 1-2cm distal to the __________, above the renal arteries, viewed on a chest film; the distal end will be seen at the ___ or ___ intercostal spaces. |
|
Definition
| aortic arch, subclavian, 2nd or 3rd |
|
|
Term
| ____________ should be monitored during transport to assure that the distal tip of the IABP has not migrated into the ____________ or occluded the __________. |
|
Definition
| Left radial pulseleft subclaviansubclavian |
|
|
Term
| Augmented diastolic should be more than the ________ ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True/False: Migraines can be treated with beta blockers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You can determine a _____ in a 12lead ECG by V1 with a classic RSR prime. |
|
Definition
| Right Bundle branch block |
|
|
Term
| Ketamine: *Strong __________ with hypnotic effect.*May be used in ______ ________.*Emergence reaction up to ___ hrs post administration.*Dose? |
|
Definition
| bronchodilatorstatus asthmaticus 242 mg/kg |
|
|
Term
| The shape and appearance of a waveform is referred to as the ___________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does (V/Q) mismatch stand for?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define Ventilation – Perfusion (V/Q) mismatch |
|
Definition
A patient with this condition is likely to have areas in the lungs that are better perfused than ventilated and areas that are better ventilated than perfused. This occurs in normal lungs to some extent.
mismatch is the presence of a degree of shunt and a degree of dead space in the same lung. It is a component of most causes of respiratory failure and is the commonest cause of hypoxaemia. |
|
|
Term
| What will Effect your Functional Residual Capacity ? |
|
Definition
| Smokers, elderly patients, and patients with chronic lung disease will experience airway closure within tidal breathing, and this is recognized by the presence of a hyperinflated chest. This is extremely important, because anything that adversely affects airway girth (bronchospasm, edema, inspissated mucus, foreign objects), or lung compliance (lung volume – interstitial edema or fibrosis), will increase the closing volume or reduce the FRC |
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