Shared Flashcard Set

Details

CCEMTP-Pharmacology
ANTIANGINALS
24
Medical
Professional
03/07/2008

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
ANTIANGINALS
ANGINA
Definition
Pathophysiology
--supply and demand: oxygen
--caronary vascular tone
-platelet aggregation-if you get it on the area of the artery=ANGINA
Term
SUPPLY AND DEMAND
Definition
SUPPLY-coronalry blood flow, oxygen concentration, coronary microcirculation, Arterial pO2 Hgb concentration
DEMAND: Heart rate, contractility, Intramyocardial wall tension
-pressure
-volume
Term
ANGINA
Definition
Pain Characteristics
-Quality
-location
-duration
-precipitating factors
-relieving factors
-radiation
Term
CHRONIC STABLE ANGINA
Definition
-implies significant vascular narrowing
-exertion
-reproduceable with physical activity
-coronary occlusion frequently 70% or more
Term
UNSTABLE ANGINA
Definition
Different pathophysiology-something has changed
-clot formation or spasm
-10-15% will infarct
-change in
--intensity
--frequency
--duration
Term
Nitrates-Vasodilators
Definition
-Decreased oxygen demand
-Decreased wall stress
-Vasodilation
--coronary arteries
--collateral circulation
--coronary stenosis
Term
Nitrates-dosage forms
Definition
ORAL-chewable(sorbitrate), sublingual, buccal, sustained release, spray, intravenous, Topical
Term
SL Nitroglycerin
Definition
ONSET: 1-3 minutes
DURATION: 10-30 minutes
-protect from heat, light
-keep in original container
-Expires in six months after opening
-if no relief after 3-call medical control
Term
Nitroglycerine Spray
Definition
ONSET: 1-2 min
DURATION: 10-30 min
-longer shelf life
Term
Nitroglycerin IV
Definition
ONSET: 1-2min
DURATION: 3-5 min
DOSE: start @5-10mcg/min and titrate q5min-10min
-does not require special tubing
Term
Transdermal Nitroglycerin
Definition
ONSET: 30min
DURATION: 4-8hrs
COST: $40-45 per month
-Nitrate free interval
Term
ORAL Nitroglycerine
Isosorbide dinitrate
Definition
ONSET: 15-40min
DURATION: 2-6hrs
-metabolized to mononitrate
-COST: $5 per month generic
Term
Oral Nitroglycerin
Isosorbide mononitrate
Definition
ONSET: 15-40min
DURATION: 4-8 hrs
COST: $40 per month
Term
Ntirates
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Definition
-Hypotension
-HA
-Flushing
-Nausea
-Bradycardia
-Reflex Tachycardia
Term
Nitrate Tolerance
Definition
-Due to sulfhydryl depletion and the nitrate receptor
-Develops within 24hrs
-Nitrate Free interval: 8-12hrs
Term
Beta Blockers
Definition
Uses
-DECREASE-O2 Demand, Catacholamine induced increases in HR, BP, and contractility
-Increase ventricular volume-decrease rate allows for filling time
-May inhibit platelet activity-insignificant
Term
Beta Blockers
Characteristics
Definition
Lipophilicity-related to outside effects
-Selectivity
-all lose selectivity at high doses
ISA
Term
Beta Blockers
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Definition
Fatigue
Malaise
Depression
Impotence
Caution-DO NOT ABRUPTLY DISCONTINUE
Term
Beta Blockers
Patient considerations
Definition
Lung disease, Diabetes, Peripheral vascular disease, heart block, CHF, Hyperlipidemia
Term
Calcium Channel Blockers
Definition
EFFECTS-Decrease oxygen demand, aterial pressure, coronary vascular resistance, Myocardial contractility
Term
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Definition
EFFECTS
-Predominantly peripheral vascular effects
-Refelx tachycardia
-Decrease Left ventricular systolic pressure
-May decrease contractility and Left ventricular volume
-Vasodilator
-Decreases BP
Term
Nifedipine (Procardia)
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Definition
Dizziness, Hypotension, Peripheral edema, Flushing
DOSE: 10-30mg tid-qid
Term
Verapamil, Diltiazem (cardizem)
Definition
EFFECTS-predominantly mycardial effects
-decreases HR, LV systolic pressure, contractility
-Verapamil depresses CONTRACTILITY more than diltiazem
-Diltiazem contraindicated in WPW-can cause reflex tacchycardia
Term
Verapamil, Diltiazem (Cadrizem)
Definition
DOSAGES:
Diltiazem .25mg/kg initial bolus (over 2 minutes)
-Miantenance infusion-5-15mg/hr
-Verapamil 5-10mg, IV
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
Bradycardia, CHF, CP, 2nd/3rd deg AV blocks, V-fib, V-tach, dyspnea
Supporting users have an ad free experience!