Term
| What theory is the Behavioral approach based on? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| People strive to maximize interpersonal rewards and minimize costs |
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Term
| Who founded Theory of Social Change? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the general goals of behavioral family therapy? |
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Definition
- Increase rewarding exchanges
- Decrease aversive exchanges
- Teach communication and problem solving |
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Term
| Contemporary approaches to CBT have expanded to include: |
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Definition
| Examination and RESTRUCTURING of thoughts and perceptions |
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Term
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Definition
- Specific techniques for target behaviors
- General behavior management
- Methods for reevaluating automatic thoughts |
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Term
| Why is is important to reevaluate automatic thoughts? |
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Definition
| To identify distortions and address misconceptions |
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Term
| What accounts for the strengths and weaknesses of this approach? |
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Definition
| Behaviorist's focus on modifying the consequences of problem behavior |
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Term
| Weaknesses of behaviorism: |
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Definition
-Treatment may succeed with symptom (behavior) but not with family.
- Attitudes and feelings may not change with behavior- important to treat cognitive and affective issues also |
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Term
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Definition
| With the specific focus on behavior change, very effective techniques have been developed |
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Term
| Who do behaviorists usually treat? |
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Definition
- Rarely treat whole fams
- Usually use only subsystems important to behavior change |
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Term
| How can CBT's weaknesses be improved? |
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Definition
| - By broadinging focus and scope of treatment to include families as systems |
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Term
| What is considered the greatest strength of CBT? |
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Definition
- Observes what happens and then measures change
- Developed a wealth of assessment methods |
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Term
| Another advance of CBT is the movement from eliminating or reinforcing "marker" behaviors to... |
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Definition
| teaching problem solving, cognitive, and communication skills. |
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Term
| Behavior therapy is a decendant of... |
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Definition
Ivan Pavlov's classical conditioning
(Also used by John B. Watson "little Albert" and Mary Cover Jones "Peter" ) |
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Term
| Sytematic Desensitization |
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Definition
- Joseph Wolpe
- Great success in treating phobias by reducing anxiety through reciprocal inhibition |
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Term
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Definition
- Part of Joseph Wolpe's Systematic Desensitization
-Reducing anxiety by Pairing responses incompatible with anxiety with previously anxiety arousing stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reducing anxiety by actually approaching the feared object or situation |
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Term
| When was Classical Condtioning primarily applied to family problems? |
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Definition
- To treat ANXIETY disoders (inc. agorophobia and sexual dysfunction)
-Also helped with enuresis- bedwetting |
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Term
| The "greatest influence on Behavioral family therapy came from..." |
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Definition
-B.F. Skinner's
-Operant Conditioning |
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Term
Operant
(As in Operant conditioning) |
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Definition
| Voluntary responses as opposed to involuntary refexes |
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Term
| What determines the frequency of operant responses? |
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Definition
- consequences
- Positively reinforced responses will be repeated frequently
- Punished or ignored responses will be extinguished |
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Term
| Functional Analysis of Behavior |
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Definition
-In Operant Behavior Therapy
- A study of a particular behavior, what elicits it,and what reinforces it |
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Term
| What type of reinforced behavior is the hardest to extinguish? |
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Definition
| - Intermittently reinforced |
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Term
| Three leaders played a role in the development of behavioral family therapy: |
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Definition
- Gerald Patterson (psychologist)
- Robert Liberman (psychiatrist)
- Richard Stuart (social worker) |
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Term
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Definition
- Most influenc. in devel. behavioral parent training- social learning theory
- Strategies for eliminating undesirable behavior and substituting desireable behavior. |
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Term
| Gerald Patterson developed behavioral parent training, and trained parents in social learning theory, who else was prominent in the field? |
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Definition
-Anthony Graziano
-Rex Forehand
-Daniel and Susan O'leary
-Roger McAuley |
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Term
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Definition
- Second major figure in development of Behavioral Family Therapy
- Psychiatrist
- Outline Operant learning framework for depression, headaches, social inadequacy, and marital discord
-Introduced "role rehearsal" and "modeling" to family therapy |
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Term
| Who introduced "role rehearsal" and "modeling" to family theory? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Third major influence on behavioral family therapy
-Contingency Contracting
-Stuart Focused on how the exchange of positive behavior could be maximized using Reinforcement Reciprocity |
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Term
| Reinforcement Reciprocity |
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Definition
| Exchanging rewarding behaviors between family members. |
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Term
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Definition
| Agreements made between family members to exchange rewards for desired behavior. (Richard Stuart) |
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Term
| What 3 major packages of Behavioral Family Therapy evolved in the 1970s? |
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Definition
- Parent training
- Behavioral Couples Therapy
- Sex therapy |
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Term
| Who are the present leading figures in behavioral couples therapy? |
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Definition
-Robert Weiss
-Richard Stuart
-Michael Crowe
-Ian Falloon
-Gayola Margolin |
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Term
| CBT refers to the approaches inspired by: |
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Definition
- Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck
- That emphasize attitude changes improtance in behavior modification |
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Term
| Who are the leaders in CBT? |
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Definition
-Donald Baucom
-Norman Epstein
-Frank Dattilio |
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Term
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Definition
| Eliminating behavior by ignoring it. |
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Term
| What theory argues that people strive to maximize rewards and minimize costs in relationships? |
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Definition
Theory of Social Exchange
(Thibaut and Kelley) |
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Term
| What do behaviorists consider to be the most important feature of good relationships? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do behaviorists view symptoms? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Using punishment and criticism to eliminate undesirable responses
(nagging, crying, withdrawing) |
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Term
| What are Datillio 8 types of cognitive distortion? |
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Definition
1- Arbitrary inference
2- Selective Abstraction
3-Overgeneralization
4- Exaggeration and minimization
5- Personalization
6- Dichotomous thinking
7- Labeling
8- Mind reading |
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Term
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Definition
Conclusions are drawn from events in the absense of supporting evidence
i.e. man whose wife is always late concludes she doesn't care about his feelings |
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Term
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Definition
Certain details are highlighted while others are ignored
i.e. parents remembering when a child defies them but not when they do something right |
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Term
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Definition
| Isolated incidents taken as general patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| Behavior is attributed to undesirable personality traits |
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Term
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Definition
| To modify specific behavior to alleviate the presenting problem |
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Term
| What are the "hallmarks" of behavioral family therapy? |
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Definition
1- Careful assessment to determine frequency of prob. behavior, to guide therapy, to provide feedback
2- Strategies designed to modify the contingencies of reinforcement in each unique fam. |
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Term
| Most Behavioral Fam. therapy uses Operant conditioning and dyadic focus |
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Definition
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Term
Functional family therapy
(Barton & Alexander) |
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Definition
- Argues that members of unhappy fams. attribute their probs. to neg. traits (i.e. laziness) in other members
- Leaves fams. disempowered |
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Term
| MOst CBT assessments are based on what model of behavior? |
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Definition
SORKC
(Kanfer and Phillips) |
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Term
| What does SORKC stand for? |
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Definition
S- Stimulous
O- State of organism
R- Response
KC- Nature and contingency of consequences |
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Term
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Definition
- Applied to accelerate behavior
- Pleasant high-probability behavior is chosen to reinforce low probability behavior
-I.e. if you do your h.w. you can watch t.v. |
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Term
| What's most common technique for decelerating behavior? |
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Definition
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Term
| Stuart's 5 strategies that summarize the behavioral approach to troubled marriages |
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Definition
1- Cpls. taught to express needs clearly in behavioral terms
2- New behavior exchange procedures (positive control instead of aversive control)
3- Improve communication
4- Cpls. share power and decisions
5- Strategies for future prob. solving |
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Term
| Cognitive mediation model (Beck) |
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Definition
-Emotions and actions are mediated by cognitions
- Uncovering negative assumptions that keep ppl. stuck |
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Term
| Rational-emotive therapy (Ellis) |
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Definition
- Illogical beliefs= emot. distress
- A-B-C Theory
- Try to release false beliefs |
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Term
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Definition
-Balanced emph. b/w cog. and behav.
- Increased focus on greater depth of patterns of fam. interaction
- Emphasizes attitude and behavior change |
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Term
| Epstein and Schlesinger- 4 means by which family members cognitions, behaviors,and emotions may interact and become volatile |
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Definition
1- Indivs. own cogs. toward fam.
2- Actions of fam. toward him or her
3- Combined reactions several fam. members have toward her
4- Charcs. of relationships b/w other fam. members (i.e. they usually support eachothers oppinions) |
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Term
| More family members= more momentum for volatile escalation |
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Definition
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Term
| Cognitive therapy (Aaron Beck) |
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Definition
-Emph. Schemas (core beliefs)
-Fam. members helps interpret and evaluate one anothers false beliefs |
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Term
| What are Frank Dattilio's 2 sets of schemas about fam. life? |
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Definition
1- a schema related to parents experiences growing up in their own fams
2- schemas abt. fams. in general |
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Term
| Wolpe's Systematic desensitization led to major advances in the treatment of sexual dysfunction |
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Definition
| - He believed most sex. probs. result from conditioned anxiety |
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Term
| Who were the leaders in advances abt. sex. dysfunction? |
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Definition
- Wolpe
-Masters and Johnson
-Weekes and Gambescia |
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Term
| Helen Singer Kaplan's 3 problems w/ sex. dys. |
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Definition
1- Disorders of desire
2- Arousal disorders
3- Orgasm disorders |
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Term
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Definition
- Time to relax and enjoy touching and being touched
-Sex. dys. technique |
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Term
| 2 trends emerge from behavioral body of evidence |
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Definition
- Behavioral parent training (esp. Gerald Patterson)and behavioral cpls. therapy (Neil Jacobson) effective
- Understanding need for expansion i.e. inc. cognition |
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Term
| 2 general categories of intervention for CBT behavior change? |
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Definition
1- Subs. positive control for aversive
2- Skills training |
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Term
| Neil Jacobsen and Andrew Christiansen |
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Definition
- Modified Behavioral cpls. therapy
- Added stretegies to to bring about emotional acceptance in clients |
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Term
| What are the 3 areas of research in fam. integration ready to advance? |
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Definition
- conduct disorders in kids
- marital conflict
- schizophrenic adults |
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