Term
| S/Sx of shoulder conditions (5) |
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Definition
refer distally (to/past elbow)
often refers to upper trap (unilat)
pain/stiffness = 1º problem
pain @ night (R/C)
aggravated by motion or loading |
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Term
| S/Sx of cervical problems (2) |
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Definition
pain in cervical area = bilat, refers to sub-occ
aggravated by prolonged postures |
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Term
| Examples of Proximal neurological entrapment (3) |
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Definition
greater occipital n (C2)
TOS
brachial plexopathy |
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Term
| Examples of Intermediate neurological entrapment (3) |
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Definition
dorsal scap n (C5)
suprascap n (C5,6)
long thoracic n (C5,6,7) |
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Term
| Examples of Distal neurological entrapment (3) |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes of cervical pain (5) |
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Definition
zygapophyseal
disc
disc herniation
whiplash
degenerative instability |
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Term
| Zygapophyseal jt referral pattern: C2-3 |
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Definition
upper cervical region;
may go to ear, forehead, or eye |
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Term
| Zygapophyseal jt referral pattern: C3-4 |
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Definition
posterolat cervical region >> subocc
follows course of levator scap |
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Term
| Zygapophyseal jt referral pattern: C4-5 |
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Definition
| posterolat pain >> top of scap |
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Term
| Zygapophyseal jt referral pattern: C5-6 |
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Definition
| triangular distribution from upper trap >> spine of scap |
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Term
| Zygapophyseal jt referral pattern: C6-7 |
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Definition
extends beyond spine of scap;
covers upper trap (like C5-6) |
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Term
|
Definition
| 1 CNS neuron receives info from 2 separate peripheral sites; info relayed by common 2nd-order neuron |
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Term
| Non-traumatic causes of facet jt pain (3) |
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Definition
IVD
facet
subchondral bone stress >> osteophytes |
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Term
| Common location of osteophytes (3) |
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Definition
edge of vertebral body
facet jt
uncovertebral jts |
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Term
| Zygapophyseal jt dysfxn: S/Sx (5) |
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Definition
pain accd to patterns (c much overlap)
regular closing pattern (jt surface) OR regular opening pattern (jt capsule)
HAs
poor posture
pain following prolonged posture (sitting, driving) |
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Term
| Zygapophyseal jt dysfxn: Rx (4; acute, subacute, ++) |
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Definition
acute: modalities to decr pain/inflammation
subacute: manual technique >> incr opening/closing of affected level
mech traction may be helpful
posture: address upper crossed syndrome |
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Term
| Nerve that supplies outer 1/3 of disc = |
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Definition
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Term
| sinuvertebral n innervates dura mater at levels... |
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Definition
| own level, 2 levels below, 1 level up |
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Term
| sinuvertebral n innervates outer 1/3 of disc at levels... |
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Definition
| own level, contributes to level above |
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Term
|
Definition
>55 y/o
hx of intermittent neck pain, HA
pain >> upper arm, but no ∆ in reflexes/myotome
poor posture
regular compressive patterns >> symptoms |
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Term
|
Definition
reassurance
postural correction
ST techniques & jt manip (start c thoracic)
intermittent traction |
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Term
| Pain descriptors for cervical radiculopathy (3) |
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Definition
narrow bands
intense
easily localized |
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Term
| Types of nerve compression |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| mechanical compression from either herniated disc or pressure from osteophyte (more directly related to specific motion) |
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Term
| Indirect nn compression = |
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Definition
| venous congestion/edema from acute inflammatory state (tends to incr through day, persist) |
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Term
| Presentation of true radiculopathy (5) |
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Definition
dermatomal pain
myotomal weakness
decr reflexes
sensory changes (usually paresthesia in UE)
palpation tenderness in dermatome |
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Term
| Radiculopathy usually involves nn root level #... |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
pain aggravated by closing motions
weakness, hyporeflexia
+ Spurling's
decr ipslat rot
+ ULTT
symptom relief c distraction |
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Term
|
Definition
intermittent mechanical traction
NSAIDs
sx if symptoms >3 mos |
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Term
| Poor outcome for radiculopathy associated c... (5) |
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Definition
hx of episodic occurrences over 5 yr
>3 previous episodes
bilat paresthesia
female > 50y/o
progressive worsening of symptoms |
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Term
| Cervicogenic HA: S/Sx (5) |
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Definition
unilat
concordiant sign c neck mvmt/posture
pressure over occipital region
neck ROM restricted
ipsilat neck/shoulder/arm pain |
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
lasts 30 min - 7 days |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
pressing, tightening, non-pulsating |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
mild-mod intensity |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
not aggravated by physical activity |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
no N&V |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
photophobia, phonophobia |
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Definition
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|
Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
aura lasting 1 hr a HA |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
lasts 4-72 hr |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
unilat (can change sides) |
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Definition
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|
Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
pulsating quality |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
mod-severe intensity |
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Definition
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|
Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
aggravated by physical activity |
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Definition
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Term
Tension HA v. Migraine:
N&V |
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Definition
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Term
| Cervicogenic HA: common impairments (6) |
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Definition
decr PPM at OA jt
decr PAM UPA of C1
FHP
weakness of deep c flexors
weakenss of lower trap & shoulder ERs
neural mechanosensitivity |
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Term
|
Definition
correct impairments
combined approach of manual therapy & exercise (esp deep flexor strengthening) |
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Term
| Degenerative instability: S/Sx (8) |
|
Definition
age >40y/o
HA
decr ROM in sitting, incr in supine
pain during normal motion
FHP
stiff upper T-spine
TrPs
spasm on PAM assess |
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Term
| Degenerative instability: Rx (4) |
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Definition
stabilization exercises to unstable segments (source of pain)
manip/mob of hypomobile areas (usually not painful)
posture correction
restore normal mvmt patterns (proprio training, deep c flex strengthen, TrP treatment) |
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Term
| Neck ext in MVA c use of headrest |
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Definition
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Term
| Neck ext in MVA s use of headrest |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
high incidence of annulus fibrosis lesions
jt capsule tear
disc rupture
outer annulus bruising
usually concentrated to C5-7 |
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Term
|
Definition
slow onset
severe pain, marked restricion of ROM
irregular motion pattern of symptom reproduction
widespread mm spasm (esp SCM)
nausea, vertigo, tinnitus, HA
dizziness
dysphagia
vision blurring |
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Term
|
Definition
1. collar + ice (72 hr)
2. gentle ROM for 2 min/hr; Modalities
3. Isometric neck ex
4. wean off collar p 1 wk
5. aerobic ex ASAP
6. return to work ASAP
ø mech traction |
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Term
|
Definition
80% symptom free in 3-4 wk
10-40% symptoms persisting for yrs
16% require sx |
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Term
|
Definition
better if impact is from front
worse if pre-existing degenerative ∆s
worse if neuro signs soon p accident |
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Term
|
Definition
VAS (100mm; better vertical)
Numeric analogue scale
McGill |
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Term
| Sections of McGill pain scale (3) |
|
Definition
sensory
affective
evaluative |
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Term
| Fxnl impairment scales (3) |
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Definition
NDI + GROC
Pt specific fxnl scale
SF-36 |
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Term
| Chronic mechanical neck disorder: STRONG Rx evidence |
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Definition
combined manual therapy, exercise, ed
stretching, strengthening, kinesthetics
low level laser (if degenerative ∆s)
acupuncture
pulsed electromagnetic field |
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Term
| Chronic mechanical neck disorder: LIMITED Rx evidence |
|
Definition
| repetitive magnetic stimulation |
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Term
| Chronic mechanical neck disorder: Rx evidence AGAINST |
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Definition
unsupervised HEP alone
botulinum-A injection alone |
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Term
| Acute whiplash: STRONG Rx evidence |
|
Definition
AROM, HEP,
IV glucocorticoids,
pulsed electromagnetic field |
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Term
| Acute whiplash: Rx evidence AGAINST |
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Definition
ed, advised rest
continuous use of collar |
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Term
| Chronic mechanical neck disorder c HA: STRONG Rx evidence |
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Definition
| strengthening/stretching, craniocervical flex |
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Term
| Chronic myofascial pain: LIMITED Rx evidence |
|
Definition
IM anesthetic injection
repetitive magnetic stim |
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Term
| Chronic myofascial pain: Rx evidence AGAINST |
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Definition
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Term
| Chronic neck disorder c radiculopathy: STRONG Rx evidence |
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Definition
intermittent traction
epidural injections
acupuncture |
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Term
| CPR for T-spine manip for cervical pain (6) |
|
Definition
symptoms <30 days
no symptoms distal to shoulder
looking up ≠ aggravate symptoms
FABQ-PA < 12
decr upper T-spine kyphosis
cervical ext <30º |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
acute shooting, electrical pain down arm
weakness, usually C5-6; lasts seconds to months |
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|
Term
|
Definition
shoulder depr OR
direct compression on brachial plexus from poorly fitting pads |
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Term
|
Definition
rest & ice
strengthening
check fit of shoulder pads
return to football when overhead strength 5/5 |
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Term
| Dorsal Scap n entrapment: S/Sx (2) |
|
Definition
unilat rhomboid pain; may radiate to arm
ipsilat rot/contralat lat flex = painful (2º to stretching scalenes) |
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Term
| Suprascap n entrapment: S/Sx (3) |
|
Definition
pathogenesis = pitching, overhead athlete; repeated motion; frozen shoulder
similar to R/C problems
possible atrophy in supra/infra fossa |
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