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Catecholamine drugs
Major Therapeutic Uses of sympathetic drugs
31
Medical
Graduate
04/10/2010

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Term
tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors
Definition
for pheochromocytoma (Pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine-secreting tumor derived from chromaffin cells)
Term
Reserpine
Definition
treats Hypertension (by blocking DA and NE transport into synaptic vesicles ie blocking VMAT. they are hence degraded by MAO)
Term
Receptor agonist NE
Definition
Treats Hypotension, heart failure. Alpha selective; Increases TPR, Reflex bradycardia
Term
oxymetazoline (a1 agonist)
Definition
Decongestant
Term
clonidine
Definition
a2 agonist to treat chronic pain, hypertension
Term
imipramine
Definition
antidepressant (blocks PM transporter; NE > 5HT)
Term
desipramine
Definition
antidepressant (blocks PM transporter): NE>5HT
Term
sibutramine
Definition
to suppress appetite (Blocks PM transporter; NE >> 5HT)
Term
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Definition
for ADHD (Blocks PM transporter; DA>NE>>5HT)
Term
Cocaine
Definition
Blocks PM transporter: NE = 5HT = DA
Term
amphetamine
Definition
Blocks PM transporter: NE = DA >> 5HT
Term
Taking aged cheese, beer, yeast products and red wine -- ie ingesting tyramine: can cause sympathetic overactivation and hypertensive crisis in patients on this drug
Definition
nonselective MAO inhibitors (but not selective MAO-A or MAO-B inhibitors)
Term
Phenylephrine
Definition
short acting nasal decongestant aerosols (a1 agonist)
Term
oxymetazoline
Definition
long-acting nasal decongestant aerosol (a1 agonist)
Term
pseudoephedrine
Definition
orally administered nasal decongestants (a1 agonist)
Term
Midodrine
Definition
For neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (a1 agonist)
Term
Norepinephrine: vasocontrictor or vasodilator effects predominate?
Causes reflex bradycardia or tachycardia?
Definition
Vasoconstrictor, because higher affinity for alpha than beta receptors.
Reflex bradycardia due to sharp increase in TPR due to arteriolar constriction.
Term
Effect of Epinephrine (Low dose)
Definition
Beta effects predominate: Vasodilation in muscle beds, lowered pulse pressure
Term
Epinephrine (High dose): why is it used for anaphylactic shock?
Definition
both beta and a1 agonist properties predominate; for anaphylactic shock because it is the only drug that (1)stabilizes mast cells (2) causes bronchodilation (3) increases cardiac function and blood pressure
Term
dexmedetomidine
Definition
(alpha 2 agonist) sedative, analgesic for ICU patients; does not depress respiration
Term
Tizanidine
Definition
a2 agonist; Used for spasticity; little sedation or change in blood pressure. Imidazine action important?
Term
apraclonidine
Definition
a2 agonist used forwide-angle glaucoma: reduces aqueous humor production
Term
Albuterol (Ventolin)
Definition
B2 agonist used as inhaled bronchodilator
Term
Terbutaline
Definition
b2 agonist: uterine relaxant frequently used for treatment of preterm labor
Term
Ritodrine
Definition
b2 agonist; uterine relaxant
Term
Vasodilation of renal and mesenteric beds and inhibits sodium reabsorption ==> reduce blood pressure. Used only intravenously in patients w severe congestive heart failure.
Definition
Dopamine
Term
Fenoldopam
Definition
dopamine agonist; treat hypertension by lowering blood pressure via vasodilation; increases renal blood flow
Term
To treat essential hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia
Definition
a1 antagonists eg Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin
Term
Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin
Definition
Treat Hypertension and Benign Prostate Hypertrophy (a1 antagonist)
Term
Alfuzosin, Tamsulosin, Silodosin
Definition
for Benign prostatic hypertrophy (selective alpha 1A antagonists)
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