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Cat muscles, insertion, origin, and action
N/A
40
Biology
Undergraduate 1
11/28/2009

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Term
Pectoantebrachialis
Definition
Origin: Manubrium of sternum
Insertion: Fascia of forearm
Action: adducts forearm
Term
Pectoralis major
Definition
Origin: cartilage of ribs 1-6, sternum, clavicle
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: adducts, flexes
Term
Pectoralis minor
Definition
Origin: ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
Action: scapular protraction
Term
Xiphihumeralis
Definition
Origin: Xiphoid process of sternum
Insertion: Humerus
Action: Moves humerus caudal and medial
Term
Serratus anterior (humans) / Serratus ventralis (cats)
Definition
Origin: Lateral aspects of ribs 1-8
Insertion:Vertebral border of scapula
Action:Abduction of arm; lateral rotation of scapula; scapular protraction; depression of scapula
Term
Subscapularis
Definition
Origin:Subscapular fossa
Insertion:Lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: Medial rotation of humerus
Term
Triceps brachii (3 heads in cats, corresponding to 3 heads in humans)
Definition
Origin: Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: posterior shaft of humerus Medial head: posterior shaft of humerus
Insertion:Via common tendon onto olecranon process of ulna
Action:Extension of elbow
Term
Biceps brachii (only 1 head in cats, corresponding to long head in humans)
Definition
Origin: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle and the lip of glenoid cavity
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Action: Flexion of elbow; supination of forearm
Term
Rectus abdominis (will accept abdominus)
Definition
Origin:Pubic crest, pubic symphysis
Insertion:Cartilage of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process
Action:Flexes and rotates vertebral column
Term
External oblique
Definition
Origin:Outer surface of ribs 5-12
Insertion:Iliac crest, linea alba, pubic crest
Action:Flexes vertebral column; trunk rotation; lateral flexion; compresses abdomen
Term
Internal oblique
Definition
Origin:Iliac crest, lumbar fascia, inguinal ligament
Insertion:Cartilage of ribs 9-12, linea alba, pubic crest
Action:Flexes vertebral column; trunk rotation; lateral flexion; compresses abdomen
Term
Transverse abdominis (will accept abdominus) (will accept Transversus)
Definition
Origin:Iliac crest, cartilage of ribs 6-12, inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia
Insertion: Pubic crest, linea alba
Action:Compresses abdomen
Term
Sartorius
Definition
Origin:Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion:Medial surface of body of tibia
Action:Flexes leg; flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh
Term
Tensor fasciae latae
Definition
Origin:Iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion:Iliotibial tract
Action:Flexes, abducts, medially rotates thigh
Term
Vastus lateralis
Definition
Origin:Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera of femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity, patella
Action:Extension of knee
Term
Rectus femoris
Definition
Origin:Anterior inferior iliac spine, superior margin of acetabulum
Insertion:Tibial tuberosity, patella
Action:Extension of knee; flexion of thigh
Term
Vastus medialis
Definition
Origin: Linea aspera, intertrochanteric line, medial supracondylar line of femur
Insertion:Tibial tuberosity, patella
Action:Extension of knee
Term
Gracilis
Definition
Origin:Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion:Medial surface of tibia just inferior to medial condyle
Action:Adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg
Term
Adductor longus
Definition
Origin:Pubis near pubic symphysis
Insertion:Linea aspera of femur
Action:Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh
Term
Adductor magnus, brevis, longus (humans) / Adductor Femoris (cats)
Definition
Origin:Ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity
Insertion:Linea aspera of femur
Action:Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh
Term
Semimembranosus
Definition
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia, lateral condyle of femur
Action: Extends thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg
Term
Semitendinosus
Definition
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial aspect of upper tibial shaft
Action: Extends thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg
Term
Clavotrapezius
Definition
origin: Skull and vertebra from lambdoid crest to axis
Insertion: Clavicle
Action: Elevates scapula
Term
Acromiotrapezius
Definition
origin:Spines of cervical vertebrae
insertion: Spine of scapula
Action: retracts scapula
Term
Spinotrapezius
Definition
Origin:Spines of thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: spine of scapula
Action: Depresses scapula
Term
Clavodeltoid
Definition
Origin: Clavicle
Insertion: Fascia of forearm
Action: Flexes and medially rotates arm
Term
Acromiodeltoid
Definition
Origin: Acromion of scapula
Insertion: Outer surface of spinodeltoid
Action: Abducts humerus
Term
Spinodeltoid
Definition
Origin: spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid ridge of humerus
Action: Flexes and laterally rotates arm
Term
Latissimus dorsi
Definition
Origin:Spines of T6-12, all lumbar vertebrae, ribs 10-12, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Action:Adducts, extends, medially rotates humerus; depresses scapula
Term
Levator scapulae ventralis (levator scapulae in humans)
Definition
Origin: Transverse process of cervical vertebrae 1-4
Insertion: Medial border of scapula superior to spine
Action: Elevates and medially rotates scapula
Term
Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor (2 muscles in humans) Rhomboideus (1 muscle in cats)
Definition
Origin: Upper thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Action: Retracts scapula
Term
Supraspinatus
Definition
Origin:Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion:Greater tubercle of humerus
Action:Abducts humerus
Term
Infraspinatus
Definition
Origin:Infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion:Greater tubercle of humerus Action:Laterally rotates humerus
Term
Gluteus medius
Definition
Origin:Upper lateral surface of ilium
Insertion:Greater trochanter of femur
Action:Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Term
Gluteus maximus (relatively large in humans)
Definition
Origin:Iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
Insertion:Gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract
Action:Extension, abduction and lateral rotation of thigh
Term
Caudofemoralis (absent in humans)
Definition
Origin:Caudal vertebrae
Insertion:Patella
Action:Abducts thigh; flexes vertebral column
Term
Biceps femoris
Definition
Origin:Short head: linea aspera Long head: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion:Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia
Action:Flexes knee; laterally rotates leg; extends thigh
Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition
Origin:Medial and lateral condyles of femur
Insertion:Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Action:Flexes knee; plantar flexes foot
Term
Soleus
Definition
Origin:Proximal portion of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion:Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Action: Plantar flexes foot
Term
Calcaneal (Achilles) Tendon
Definition
Origin: Gastrocnemius
Insertion:Calcaneus
Action: Attaches gastrocnemius to calcaneal bone
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