Term
| 3 Goals of vascular intervention |
|
Definition
| re-establish blow flow, repair dilated vessels, bypass occluded vessels. |
|
|
Term
| Interventional radiographic procedures are primarily ____________ procedures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| percutaneous transluminal angioplasty |
|
|
Term
| The use of PTA _____________,__________,___________. |
|
Definition
Dialation and recanalization of vessels,
Non surgically originally but now is concidered endovascular surgery, and the plaque is penetrated with catheter tip. |
|
|
Term
| Balloon Angioplasty is used to remove _______, known as a __________. |
|
Definition
| embolized thrombus, thrombectomy |
|
|
Term
| Balloon should be ___-___% of greater than the diameter of the vessel. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
Balloon angioplasty is controlled injury |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
Usually there is embolism when performing balloon angioplasty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PTA is considered successful if there is less than a ____% residual stenosis after the procedure is completed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PTA is considered successful if there is less than a ____% residual stenosis after the procedure is completed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
Angioplasty at a bifurcation can cause fracturing of plaque into a branch artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This can be reduced by placing what in each of the bifurcations? What is are they called? |
|
Definition
| Balloons, kissing balloons |
|
|
Term
| ________: the presence of a pathogenic bacteria in the blood, _______ are most susceptible because they have a reduced over all immunity. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
2 self expanding stents:
________: expands when pushed out of sheath
________: expands with the heated to blood temp. |
|
Definition
| Spring stent, Nitonol stent. |
|
|
Term
T/F
Endovascular ultrasound cannot evaluate the success rate of balloon angioplasty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
Profundaplasy can only be used if the proximal profunda is occluded along with the SFA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Endarterectomy is ________________. |
|
Definition
| Direct removal of occlusive arterial lesions. |
|
|
Term
| Endarterectomy has 5 techniques: |
|
Definition
| open, semi-closed, extraction, eversion, and selective |
|
|
Term
Transverse or longitudinal arteriotomies at proximal and distal extent of lesions. Used on thinner and softer lesions
a.open,
b.semi-closed,
c.extraction,
d.eversion,
e.selective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Distal transection of artery beyond site of disease. Vessel is peeled back to separate the vessel wall from the atheroma.
a.open,
b.semi-closed,
c.extraction,
d.eversion,
e.selective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Used to remove discontinuous lesions. Use loop stripper.
a.open,
b.semi-closed,
c.extraction,
d.eversion,
e.selective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most common, one longitudinal arterectomy. Common for carotid endorerectomy.
a.open,
b.semi-closed,
c.extraction,
d.eversion,
e.selective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Retrograde or antegrade removal of lesion through single arteriotomy. Use long jaw clamps, and its performed on harder and more calcified lesions.
a.open,
b.semi-closed,
c.extraction,
d.eversion,
e.selective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
A true aneurysm is a pulsating hematoma. |
|
Definition
| False, this is a pseudoaneurysm |
|
|
Term
| Pseudoaneurysms are commonly found at the _______ artery, but also at the _______ artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
Arterial sticks above inguinal ligament increase chance of seudoaneurysms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
To and fro flow is seen in the body of the pseudoaneurysm. |
|
Definition
| False, it is seen in the neck |
|
|
Term
| During ________(systole, or diastole), flow returns back to the native artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A blood test to check ammount of fibrin in blood is__________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complications of a pseudoaneurysm are, Persitant ________&__________, __________ with severe hemorrhaging. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
You wont feel a thrill in a pseudo aneurysm |
|
Definition
| False, you will feel a thrill and a hear a bruit. |
|
|
Term
| Ultrasound guided compression repair has a success rate of _____% with no use of anticoagulants, and ____% with anticoagulants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Compression is a (long/short) procedure, and it is (painless, painful) for the patient. You try to compress the (neck, body) of the aneurysm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A hematoma is a _________ ________ with no ___________. |
|
Definition
| Palpable lump, pulsatility. |
|
|
Term
T/F
Hematoma generally have no layers of ecogenicity. |
|
Definition
| False, there is usually multiple layers of ecogenicity. |
|
|
Term
| The majority of venous return in the upper extremities is done by the (deep, superficial) system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
There are many valves in the UE communicating veins |
|
Definition
| False. few valves in communicating veins between the deep and superficial system. |
|
|
Term
| Three most common locations for UE DVT: |
|
Definition
| Subclavian, Internal Jugular vein, Axillary vein. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paget Schroetter Syndrome is |
|
Definition
| due to excessive use of shoulder or arm while in unusual position. |
|
|
Term
T/F
Secondary Subclavian-axillary vein thrombosis is a result of a single etiologic or iatrogenic factor. |
|
Definition
False, multiple
Malignancy, Heart failure, Infection, Polycythemia, Estrogens, PICC line. |
|
|
Term
UE DVT
2:1 (male to female, or female to male)
3:1 (L to R or R to L)
Can lead to PE ______% of the time |
|
Definition
Male to female, R to L
0-28% |
|
|
Term
The most common location for superficial thrombophlebitis:
a. cephalic v.
b. basilic v.
c. median cubital v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which is not a symptom of thrombophlebitis:
a. swelling
b. tenderness
c. paleness
d. palpable bump
e. cool to touch
f. c & d
g. c & e |
|
Definition
| f, it is reddish and warm to touch |
|
|
Term
Indications for placement of stent:
Asymptomatic aneurysms (>,<) _____cm in diameter. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Indications for placement of stent:
All _________ and _________ aneurysm.
And patients who are at high risk for ____________ __________ __________. |
|
Definition
| sumptomatic and ruptured, conventional open repair |
|
|
Term
| Patients with large threatening aneurysms have an operative risk in excess of ____-____ times normal on the basis of heart, lung, or liver disease or previous abdominal scarring or infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The second generation of endografts was developed with a ____________ metal frame. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
The proximal end of a stent is place suprarenally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of endoleak is usually present early in the course of the treatment. It is due to inadequate seal at the graft ends. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of endoleak results from poor seal at the graft joint, or rupture of the graft. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of endoleak is related to the porosity and passage of blood through the graft material. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of endoleak is due to retrograde flow from collateral vessels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of endoleak is a result from an unknown cause. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
UE arterial disease is not as common as LE. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
UE arterial disease:
More common in (R than L, L than R)
Often (Asymptomatic, Symptomatic)
Most common site (Prox.Cephalic, Prox subclavian) |
|
Definition
| L than R, Asymptomatic (silent), Prox. Subcl. |
|
|
Term
| Unilateral Arterial occlusive disease will have a difference of __mmHg between arms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If bilateral __-__mmHg difference or more with possible _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Takayasu's Disease affect primarily the _____ and its _______ _____.
This results in _______ or ________. |
|
Definition
| aorta, main branches, stenosis, occlusion. |
|
|
Term
Takayasu's actually damages the ________.
Disease is _____ to _____ times more likely in women than men. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
Steal syndrome is common with Takayasu's because it only affects distal subclavian arteries. |
|
Definition
| False, it affects both proximal and distal subclavian a. |
|
|
Term
| Burger's disease: ____ _____ _____ of the arterial wall are affected. Occurs in _______ ______ ________ most commonly. |
|
Definition
| All three layers, Young male smokers. |
|
|
Term
| Burger's causes occlusion of ______ and _____ arteries in ________ and ______ |
|
Definition
| Medium, small, hand, and digits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Coldness in hands and fingers, skin color changes, skin lesions, rest pain, intermittent claudication, fingers cold and damp. |
|
|
Term
| T/F smoking cessation usually halts progression of burger's disease. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Occupational Problems:
_______ induced vasospasm.
______ _______ syndrome- using hand as a hammer.
Hypothenar is the _____ ________ on the _____ ______ of the ______ |
|
Definition
| Vibration, Hypothenar hammer, fleshy prominence, inner side, palm. |
|
|
Term
| Neurologic TOS _____%, venous TOS ____%, and arterial TOS ______ % |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
TOS is only caused by scalene muscle and bone. |
|
Definition
| False, also fibromuscular bands |
|
|
Term
Raynaud's:
The root abnormality of disease is the abnormal vasospastic closure of the digital arteries. (syndrome, phenomenon) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vasoconstrictive plus atheroscerotic induced ischemia with normal vasospasm. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
With Raynauds syndrome, the hand turns
Red, white, then blue
White, blue, then red
Blue, White, then red |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary Raynaud's disease is called |
|
Definition
| Vasospastic Raynauds Syndrome. |
|
|
Term
| Primary Raynauds is regaurded as a disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Secondary Raynaud's Phenomenon is known as |
|
Definition
| Obstructive Raynaud's syndrome (fixed problem) |
|
|
Term
Primary Raynaud's 4:1 (women to men, men to women)
Age __ to __. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cold tolerance test for RS.
If the patient has Secondary RS, and it is ________ at baseline, then they ________ (should, shouldnt) do the cold tolerance because you know it is secondary RS. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Velocity Ranges for UE
Subclavian ___ to ___ cm/sec
Brachial ___ to ___ cm/sec
Radial ___ to ___ cm/sec |
|
Definition
80-120cm/sec
60-80cm/sec
40-60cm/sec |
|
|
Term
TX of disease.
Emboli and thrombi - ________ therapy
Burger's - _________ drugs
Primary RS ___________
Arterial Occlusive Disease ________ or _______ |
|
Definition
| Thrombolytic, vasodilatory, vasodialators, bypass or endarterectomy. |
|
|
