Shared Flashcard Set

Details

CASLPA Review - Unit 6
Acquired Language Disorders
13
Health Care
Graduate
08/25/2008

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Thrombosis
Definition
Collection of blood material that blocks the flow of blood
Term
Ischemic Strokes
Definition
Caused by blocked or interrupted blood supply to the brain.
Blockages/interruptions may be caused by 2 kinds of arterial diseases:
1. Thrombosis
2. Embolism
Term
Embolus
Definition
a travelling mass of arterial debris or a clump of tissue from a tumor that gets lodged in a smaller artry and blocks the flow of blood
Term
Hemorrhagic Strokes
Definition
Caused by bleeing in the brain due to ruptured blood vessels
Ruptures may be due to:
- Intracerebral - w/in the brain
- Extracerebral - w/in the meninges resulting in subarachnoid, subdural, & epidural varieties
Term
Aphasia
Definition
- Neurologically based Language disorder (vs. neurological speech disoders such as: apraxia & dysarthria)
- caused by strokes (ischemic or hemorrhagic), brain trauma, intracranial tumors, & infections
- loss or impairment of language caused by a recent brain injury
- comprehension and expression of language, along with reading & writing, may be impaired
Term
Types of Non-Fluent Aphasias
Definition
Characterized by: limited, agrammatic, effortful, halting, & slow speech with impaired prosody
- Broca's aphasia
- Transcortical motor aphasia (TMA)
- Mixed transcortical aphasia
- Global aphasia
Term
Types of Fluent Aphasias
Definition
Characterized by: relatively intact fluency, generally less meaningful, or even meaningless speech
Speech is generally: flowing, abundant, easily initiated, & well articulated w/ good prosody & phrase length
- Wernicke's aphasia
- Transcortical sensory aphasia (TSA)
- Conduction aphasia
- Anomic aphasia
Term
Broca's Area
Definition
Brodmann's areas 44 & 45 in the posterior inferior gyrus of the L-hemi
- supplied by: upper division of the Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)
Term
Wernicke's Area
Definition
Posterior portion of the superior temporal gyrus in the L-hemi
- supplied by: posterior branch of the Left MCA (middle cerebral artery)
Term
Subcortical Aphasia
Definition
(Note: typically aphasi is produced by cortical damage)
- in recent yrs aphasia, due to sub-cortical damage, has been reported
- extensive subcortical damage, w/ possible involvement of L cortical areas, may underlie Subcortical Aphasia
- lesons in areas surrounding the Basal Ganglia & the Thalamus have been linked to Subcortical Aphasia
Term
Alexia
Definition
a LOSS of previously Acquired reading skills dueto recent brain damage
(Note: some patients with Aphasia manifest alexia)
Term
Agraphia
Definition
the loss OR impairment of the normally acquired writing skills due to lesions in the foot of the second frontal gyrus (aka: Exener's Writing Area)
(Note: various kinds of writing problems are seen in patients w/ aphasia)
Term
Agnosia
Definition
Impaired understanding of the meaning of certain stimuli even though there is no peripheral sensory impairment
Patients can see, fee, & hear stimuli but cannot understand their meaning
Note: impairment is often limited to one sensory modality
There are several forms:
- Auditory Agnosia
- Auditory Verbal Agnosia
- Visual Agnosia
- Tactile Agnosia
Supporting users have an ad free experience!