Term
| Viral Hepatitis has what phases |
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Definition
Incubation
Sx Pre icteric
Sx icteric
Convalsence |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| MC of chronic Hep in vertical transmision, neontal infxn, immunopromised |
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Definition
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Term
| What Hep virus are you most likely to carry w/o any liver damage? |
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Definition
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Term
| What viral Hep are you most likely to carry, have liver involvement but have no Sx/non progessive sx? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ground class viral inclusions in liver cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Lymphoid aggregates, bile duct proliferation in porta tracts, focal macrovesicular steatosis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Viral hepatitis, alcohol induced hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis (you see clusters of plasma cells at the portal tracts) |
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Term
| Pt has RUG pain, tender hepatomegaly & if you do not Tx this can be fatal |
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Definition
| Bacterial/Parasitic hepatitis |
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Term
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Definition
| Echinococcus, entameoba infections |
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Term
| What parasite can have its cyst rupture causing peitoneal seeding, shock |
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Definition
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Term
| What bacteria can ifnect the liver? |
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Definition
| S. Auerus, S. typi, T. pallidium, anything causing an asceding cholangitis |
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Term
| 20 yo female has a form of hepatitis. On micro you see lymphocytes and plasma cells. Plasma cells are clustering at the portal tract. Hi mortality of not tx. |
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Definition
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Term
| ANA+, Anti SMA, anti soluble liver antigen |
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Definition
| Autoimmune hepatitis Type 1 |
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Term
| Anti liver kidney microsomal Ab |
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Definition
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Term
MC of fulimant hepatitis in US?
Prob d/t? |
|
Definition
| Drug/Toxin induced hepatitis d/t acetomenophen. |
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Term
| MC acquired metabolic liver d/o & MC cause of crytogenic cirrhosis |
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Definition
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Term
| NAFLD can contribute to the progression of what viral dz? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| NASH, Alcohol induced hepatitis, Wilson's dz, Alpha 1 AT def |
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Term
| Leading cause of liver dz in W countries |
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Definition
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Term
| What phase of alcohol induced hep is completed reversible? Which one is not? |
|
Definition
Steatosis is reversible
Cirrhosis is not, so even if a heavy alcoholic stops drinking they can show up w/ this years later when they start show liver failure/ portal HTN Sx. |
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Term
| Why do we get alcoholic steatosis? |
|
Definition
| Alcohol metabolism shunts substrates toward lipid biosyn; impaired assembly & secretion of lipoproteins; inc breakdown of fate |
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Term
| Male has "bronze" DM w cirrhosis, what is it and what is it d/t? |
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Definition
| Hemochromatosis. Mutation of HFE MC; AR. Excessive accumulation of Fe in organs, cause organs to be brown & see hemosiderin in tissues. |
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Term
| Pt has hi levels of Fe and Ferritin |
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Definition
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|
Term
Dec levels of ceruloplasmin
Dz & Cause |
|
Definition
| Wilson's dz. Mutation in ATP7B. |
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Term
| Wilson's dz has toxic inj to what part of the brain. If you have neuro Sx, then you will have what Sign? |
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Definition
Basal ganglia esp putamen
Kayser-Fleischer rings |
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Term
| If a baby has hepatitis & lung problems? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do will someone have liver problems w A 1 AT def? |
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Definition
| Abn folden protein accumulates in ER & polymerizes => hepatic cell apoptosis. |
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Term
| Pas +, diatase resistant? |
|
Definition
| Whipple dz & alpha 1 AT def |
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|
Term
Grey depressed stellate scar radiating to periphery. Has lrg vessels w/fibromuscular hyperplasa
Septa: focal lymph infiltrate, bile duct proliferation
Nodule has thickend plates.
dz?, what are RF? |
|
Definition
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
RF: anabolic steroid use and OCP |
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|
Term
Pt has spherical nodules w/o fibrosis in liver.
Micro: plump liver cell w rim of atophic hepatocyte at eges.
What is it? RF? Stain? |
|
Definition
Nodular regenerative hyperplasia
Anything that dec intrahepatic blood flow: transplant, HIV, vasculitis
Reticulin stain |
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|
Term
| Pt has Hepatoceulluarl CA, what hep is most assoc w this? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
inc alpha feto protein
RF? |
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Definition
Hepatoceullular CA
RF: HBV, chornic infxn, aflatoxins, hereditary tyrosemnia alpha 1 AT def, hemochromatosis |
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|
Term
| Hepatocellular CA likes to inade what? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
RF: choledocychal cysts, thorotrast, HCV, primiary sclerosing cholangitis
In Asia what is a major RF? |
|
Definition
ColangioCA
Opisthorchis sinesis |
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|
Term
| Key features of cirhosis? |
|
Definition
Hobnail look
Need: bridging fibrosis, regenerative nodules, diffuse throughout liver |
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|
Term
| Main hepatic artery compromised does not usu lead to infarct, what pt is this NOT true for? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Pt has manifestation of portal HTN but NOT ascites |
|
Definition
| Portal venous thrombosis, poss d/t pancreatic or liver CA. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| L & R sides heart failure |
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|
Term
| Pt has lots of blood filled cytic spaces, what might they have/be taking |
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Definition
| Bartonela (HIV/AIDS), TB, CA, post transplant, anabolic steroid, rarely OCP |
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|
Term
| You have heaptic vein thrombosis of 2+ veins what is this called |
|
Definition
| Budd Chiari s/o: lrg liver, pain, ascites |
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|
Term
| Hepatic vein thrombosis is assoc w |
|
Definition
| Myeloproliferative d/o, hypercoag, antiphospholipid, paroxysmal nocturanl hemoglobuineria, liver CA |
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|
Term
Jamaican drinkers of bush tea, 3 mo after transplant, chemo pt
What is it, what do you see micro |
|
Definition
Venooclusive dz
Oblieteration of hepatic venule by subendothelial swelling & fibrosis. Hemosiderin present.
If chronic can get perivascular fibrosis |
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Term
| Female using OCP accidentaly gets pregnant. All of a sudden she starts to hemorrhage from her liver. What does she have? |
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Definition
| Liver Adenoma. RF: OCP. May rupture during preg d/t hormonal stim. Often beneath the liver capsule. |
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Term
| If there is a liver pathology that is inherited, is it AD or AR? |
|
Definition
| AR: Hemochromatosis, Wilson's Dz, alpha 1 AT def, |
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Term
| Causes of bacterial hepatitis? |
|
Definition
| S. Aureus, S. typhi, T. pallidium, stuff that cause ascending cholangitis (K. Pneumonia, Enteroccocus, E.coli, Enterobacter, anerobes ) |
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|
Term
| How do drugs/toxins cause liver damage |
|
Definition
Direct inj
Immune mechanisms
Liver converts it into an active toxin |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Hepatic oxidative stress => lipid peroxidation =>ROS |
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Term
| Pathogenesis of Alcohol induced steatosis |
|
Definition
Shunting of substrates to lipid biosyn
Impaired making and secreting lipoproteins
Inc breakdown of peripheral fat |
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|
Term
| Pathogenesis of hemochromatosis damage to liver? |
|
Definition
Iron causes
Lipid perioxidation by free radicals
Activation of steallate cells to stimulated collagen & fibrosis
ROS cause DNA damage |
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