Term
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Definition
| resistance of forward bending that hints at meningitis (do a lumbar puncture to rule out) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| intraleukocyte vacuoles, tiny inclusions that are darkened inside of the cytoplasm of cells and can be due to diff things, in this group of diseases (HMA) means something imp. |
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Term
| Why do we see low cell count with RBC when we're addressing diseases in the WBC? |
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Definition
| Depression of the marrow to some extent (erytropoesis impaired due to many infx) probably on bases of immune response. Very non-specific finding. |
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Term
| Do 100% of patients with HME have morulae involvement? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What part of country do we expect to see HME? and HGA? |
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Definition
| SE, SCentral...NE and North by NorthWest |
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Term
Ixodus Ticks vector for...
A. Americanum vector for... |
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Definition
HGA (same vector for babesiosis)
HME (lone-star tick) |
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Term
| Morulae seen within the cytoplasm of neutropils is indicative of infx within ehrlichia chaffeensis |
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Definition
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Term
| Anaplasma phagocytophilum enters blood monocytes and macrophages through receptor-mediated endocytosis, then localize and multiply exclusively within endosomes that avoid phago-lysosomal pathways. |
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Definition
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Term
| If suspicion if very high for HME or HGA (with the symptoms) do you wait for more conclusive testing to determine and then to treat? |
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Definition
| No, treat with doxycycline, rifampin if preggers. See clinical improvement as soon as 24 hrs. after administration of doxycylcine. |
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Term
| If patient doesn't respond fully (for HME and HGA with doxycycline), think about? |
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Definition
| You might not have ALL of the diagnoses (may be co-infected with another tick-borne illness) |
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Term
| Expect to find with Group B Strep... |
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Definition
| Sore Throat, exudate on tonsils, No palpable spleen, No atypical lymphocytes & confirm it's not Group B Strep, perform a throat swab and culture it/rapid strep test |
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Term
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Definition
| age would be different (all age groups) risk factor: immunocompromised patient, day care (environment)...those highly at risk are 2 y/o or less, presentation would be diff in that there would be aminotransferases higher in CMV...EBV present more as a localized disease. Less exaggerated lymphadenopathy and spleenomegaly, |
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Term
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Definition
| make diagnosis via surface Ag (p65 in peripheral neutrophils) Other way is: rapid (12-24 hr) and it is a culture used when organs are involved esp with immunocompromised patients. |
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Term
| Common symptoms of EBV mononucleosis |
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Definition
| Fever, sore throat, malaise, |
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Term
|
Definition
| Enter via saliva, affect epithelial cells and then memory B cells are the reservoir. |
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Term
| What cell causes the diffuse infix of EBV and cause lymphadenopathy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do you find in labs for mono? |
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Definition
| atypical lymphocytes in CBC, loss of basophilic cytoplasm and the nucleus elongated etc.. |
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Term
| If do monospot test in first 2 week so infix with EBV do you expect it to be (+) for heterophile Ab? |
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Definition
| No b.c within the early disease the person has not yet had the time to produce the Ab, so it will be (-) and then after 2 wks, should be (+) |
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Term
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Definition
| Viral Capsular Ag (produces IgM on outside) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nuclear Ag (-) with acute and (+) with past infxn |
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Term
| (+) IgG EBNA and IgG VCA, absence of IgM VCA, and heterophile Ab (-) |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Group A beta-hemolytic strep |
|
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Term
| If give EBV patients receive PCN what happens? |
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Definition
| They break out in a characteristic rash due to immunity, not to hypersensitivity. |
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Term
|
Definition
-Infects mucosal surfaces that have the most DC (oral, anal, vagina)
-HIV lifecycle: envelope prtns GP120 and GP41, as well as gag protons, both can be used clinically (pol proton not used clinically).
1. Attachment
2. Uncoating
3. RTranscription (NRTI's or NNRTI's slow or stop RT from reading RNA Code)
4. Integration
5. Proviral transcription
6. Translation
7. Cleavage
8. Assembly, maturation, and release from the CD4 cells |
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Term
T Tropic:
M Tropic:
Dual Tropic:
. |
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Definition
T:affects T cells over MP
M:affects MP over T Cell
Dual:affect both
**Diff b.w is the receptor used, CCR5 (MP) and CxCR4 (Tcell) IMP to know for what therapy to give, which receptor to target. |
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Term
| With acute HIV infix the HIV ELISA will be? |
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Definition
| Negative, HIV Ab detection test...takes time for people to make the Ab |
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Term
| HIV ELISA can be used to diagnose acute retroviral syndrome? T/F |
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Definition
| FALSE b.c acute!! Ab must take time to be made |
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Term
| If HIV ELISA is neg will western blot also be negative? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can you use to diagnose HIV if ELISA is (-) during acute phase infection. |
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Definition
| HIV RNA PCR (become + before ELISA) or immunofloresence assay |
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Term
| Which conditions do you get a false neg? with (Ab test) |
|
Definition
| Acute infection, already immunocompromised, start medication after HIV RNA PCR and then can't make Ab in response |
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Term
| What do you order to confirm ELISA? What does it measure? |
|
Definition
| Western Blot, measuring the surface envelope protiens (Gp 120 and 41) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Acute infection timeline: |
|
Definition
| HIV RNA detectable in 10 days, reach highest level around 20-21 days, Ab becomes detectable around 25 days... Acute is anywhere from 2-4 wks after infection-where we might not get ELISA test (+) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| After a few weeks of HIV infection... |
|
Definition
| CD4 count goes down and the viral RNA peaks! |
|
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Term
| CD4 count has to be < _____ is considered AIDS |
|
Definition
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Term
SPecial Test:
HLA-B*5701 Screening |
|
Definition
| Recommended before starting Abacavir, to reduce risk of hypersensitivity rxn (HSR). HLA-B*570 positive patients should be recorded as allergic to ABC. |
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Term
Special Test:
CCR5 tropism assay |
|
Definition
| should be performed when a CCR 5 antagonist ... FINISH OFF PPT |
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Term
|
Definition
-history of AIDS-defining illness
FINSH from ppT |
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Term
| 6 classes of ARV medications |
|
Definition
-NRTI (backbone, have 2 from here in combo with the others)
-NNRTI
-PI
-Integrase Inhibitor (II)
-Fusion Inhibitor
-CCR5 Antagonist |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-Bone Marrow suppression: anemia, leucopenia
-Peripheral neuropathy
-Pancreatitis
-Abacavir (HSR) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-Drug-Drug interaction
-severe skin rash
-hepatitis
-rapid resistance if dose missed |
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Term
|
Definition
-Paresthesias
-Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
FINISH from PPT |
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