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CBC Vocabulary 1
Important terms for Carpentry & Building Construction
76
Other
12th Grade
01/23/2012

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Term
anchor
Definition
a device used to fasten structural members in place
Term
anchor bolt
Definition

long metal fastener with a threaded end used to secure materials to concrete

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Term
backing
Definition
strips or blocks of wood installed in walls or ceilings for the purpose of fastening or supporting trim or fixtures
Term
balloon frame
Definition

a type of frame in which studs are continuous from foundation sill plate to roof

 

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Term
baluster
Definition

vertical members of a stair rail, usually decorative and spaced closely together

 

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Term
band joist
Definition

the member used to stiffen the ends of floor joists where they rest on the sill

 

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Term
bevel
Definition
the sloping edge or side of a piece at any angle other than a right angle
Term
blocking
Definition
pieces of dimension lumber installed between joist and studs for the purposes of providing a nailing surface for intersecting framing members
Term
board
Definition
lumber usually less than 2 inches thick
Term
board foot
Definition
a measure of lumber volume that equals 1 foot square and 1 inch thick or any equivalent lumber volume
Term
box nail
Definition
a thin nail with a head, usually coated with a material to increase its holding power
Term
brad
Definition
a thin, short, finishing nail
Term
bridging
Definition

diagonal braces or solid wood blocks between floor joists used to distribute the load imposed on a floor

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Term
casing
Definition
molding used to trim around doors, windows, and other openings
Term
column
Definition
a large vertical member used to support a beam or girder
Term
compound miter cut
Definition

a bevel cut across the width and also through the thickness of a piece

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Term
concrete block
Definition
a concrete masonry unit (CMU) used to make building foundations, typically measuring 8" X 8" X 16"
Term
condensation
Definition
when water vapor changes to a liquid due to cooling of the air; the resulting droplets of water that accumulate on the cool surface
Term
crosscut
Definition
a cut made across the grain of lumber
Term
crown
Definition
a warp in a board along its length, forming an arc
Term
dado
Definition
a wide cut, partway through and across the grain of lumber
Term
dimension
Definition
a term used to define a measurement of an item; also used to refer to all 2x lumber used in framing
Term
dimension lumber
Definition
a term used to describe wood that is sold for framing and general construction
Term
dormer
Definition

a structure that projects out from a sloping roof to form another roofed area to provide a surface for the installation of windows

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Term
gusset
Definition

a block or metal plate used over a joint to stiffen and strengthen it

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Term
gypsum board
Definition
a sheet product made by encasing gypsum in a heavy paper wrapping used to create the wall surface; also called drywall
Term
joist
Definition
horizontal framing members used in a spaced pattern that provide support for the floor or ceiling system
Term
joist hanger
Definition

metal stirrup used to support the end of a joist that does not rest on top of a support member

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Term
kerf
Definition
the width of a cut made with a saw
Term
level
Definition
horizontal; perpendicular to the force of gravity
Term
linear feet
Definition
a measurement of length
Term
load-bearing
Definition
term used to describe a structural member that carries weight from another part of the building
Term
rabbet
Definition
  • A step-shaped recess cut along the edge or in the face of a piece of wood, typically forming a match to the edge or tongue of another piece

Term
reinforcing rods
Definition
also called rebar, steel bars placed in concrete to increase its tensile strength
Term
rip
Definition
sawing lumber in the direction of the grain
Term
rise
Definition
in stairs, the vertical distance of the flight; in roofs, the vertical distance from plate to ridge; may also be the vertical distance through which anything rises
Term
run
Definition
the horizontal distance over which rafters, stairs, and other like members travel
Term
section
Definition
drawing showing a vertical cut-view through an object or part of an object
Term
sheathing
Definition
boards or sheet material that are fastened to joists, rafters, and studs and on which the finish material is applied
Term
shim
Definition
a thin, wedge-shaped piece of material used behind pieces for the purpose of straightening them or for bridging their surfaces flush
Term
sill
Definition
first horizontal wood member resting on the foundation supporting the framework of a building; also, the lowest horizontal member in a window or door frame
Term
sill sealer
Definition
material placed between the foundation and the sill to prevent air leakage
Term
soffit
Definition

the horizontal, underside trim member of a cornice or other overhanging assembly

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Term
square
Definition
a tool used to mark a layout and mark angles, particularly 90-degree angles; a term used to describe when two lines or sides meet at a 90-degree angle
Term
square (roofing)
Definition
the amount of roof covering that will cover 100 square feet of roof area
Term
drip edge
Definition

metal edging strips placed on roof edges to provide a support and overhang for the roofing material

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Term
duplex nail
Definition

a double-headed nail used for temporary fastening, such as in the construction of wood scaffolds

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Term
elevation drawing
Definition
a drawing in which the height of the structure or object is shown
Term
elevation
Definition
the height of a specific point in relation to another reference point
Term
exposure
Definition
the degree that courses of siding or roofing are open to weather
Term
face nail
Definition
method of driving a nail straight through a surface material into a supporting member
Term
fence
Definition
a guide for ripping lumber on a table saw
Term
finger joint
Definition

a process in which shorter lengths are glued together using deep, thin V grooves, resulting in longer lengths

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Term
finish nail
Definition
a thin nail with a small head designed for setting below the surface of finish material
Term
flashing
Definition
material used at intersections such as roof valleys and dormers and around window and door openings to prevent the entrance of water
Term
flush
Definition
a term used to describe when surfaces or edges are aligned with each other
Term
foundation
Definition
the lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level
Term
frost line
Definition
the depth to which the ground typically freezes in a particular area; footings must be placed below this depth
Term
gable roof
Definition
a common type of roof that pitches in two directions
Term
galvanized
Definition
protected from rusting by a coating of zinc
Term
lumber
Definition
general term for wood that is cut from a log to form boards, planks, and timbers
Term
miter
Definition
the cutting of the end of a piece at any angle other than a right angle
Term
on center (OC)
Definition
the distance from the center of one structural member to the center of the next one
Term
penny (d)
Definition
a term used in designating nail sizes
Term
floor plan
Definition
in an architectural drawing, an object drawn as viewed from above
Term
plumb
Definition
vertical; aligned with the force of gravity
Term
post
Definition
a vertical member used to support a beam or girder
Term
pressure-treated
Definition
treatment given to lumber that applies a wood preservative under pressure
Term
Pythagorean theorem
Definition
a mathematical expression that states the sum of the square of the two sides of a right triangle equals the square of the diagonal side
Term
stud
Definition
vertical framing member in a wall running between plates
Term
subfloor
Definition
material used as the first floor layer on top of joists
Term
tempered
Definition
treated in a special way to make a material harder and stronger
Term
timbers
Definition
large pieces of lumber over 5 inches in thickness and width
Term
toenail
Definition
method of driving a nail diagonally through a surface material into supporting member
Term
roof valley
Definition
The intersection between two roof slopes where all the rain will eventually flow
Term
fascia
Definition

the vertical surface of the cornice finish installed on the bottom ends or the sides of rafters

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