Term
|
Definition
| Leading cause of adult disability in US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 3rd leading cause of death in the US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Costs for stroke are more than What? |
|
|
Term
- ischemic stroke
- intracranial hemorhage
|
|
Definition
| What are the two causes of stroke? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cause of stroke by an interruption of blood flow to the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cause of stroke from a ruptured intracranial blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aproximately what % of strokes are ischemic? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What percent of strokes are hemorhagic? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is responsible for >50% of all strokes? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Age, sex, and age are what kind of risk factors? |
|
|
Term
- hypertension
- atrial fibrillation and other cardiac dxs
- diabetes
- hyperlipidemia
- smoking
- sedentary lifestyle
|
|
Definition
| What are modifiable risk factors? |
|
|
Term
Causes vasospasms;
constriction of the artery |
|
Definition
| What does smoking do to the arteries? |
|
|
Term
Disease on the contralateral
carotid system |
|
Definition
| When ther are symptoms of weakness/numbness of leg or arm on one side of the body, it implicates what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ocular symptoms suggest disease in the carotid system where? |
|
|
Term
-
sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg, especially on one side of body
-
sudden confusion, trouble speaking, or understanding
-
sudden trouble seeing
-
sudden trouble walking, dizziness, or loss of balance
-
sudden headache
|
|
Definition
| what are some classic warning signs of stroke? |
|
|
Term
| High risk for stroke or cervical bruit |
|
Definition
| Asymptomatic pts are usually referred for carotid scan why? |
|
|
Term
Stroke or cerebrovascular accident
(CVA) |
|
Definition
| permanent ischemic neurologi deficit; death to some part; not reversible |
|
|
Term
reversible ischemic neuologic deficit
(RND) |
|
Definition
| neurologic deficit that resolves in greater than 24 hrs |
|
|
Term
Transient ischemic attack
(TIA)
"mini strokes" |
|
Definition
| ischemic neurologic deficit that lasts less than 24 hrs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transient partial or complete loss of vision in one eye, often described as a shade or curtain being lowered over the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unilateral partial or complete paralysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| difficulty with speeh because of impairment of the tongue or muscles esstential to speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inibility to communicate by speech or writing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inibility or difficulty in swallowing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gait disturbances
(uncordinated) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sensation of having objects move about the person or sensation of moving around in spaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ascending aorta originates from where? |
|
|
Term
- brachioephalic trunk
- left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery
|
|
Definition
| What three main arteries arise from the superior convexity of the aortic arch? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the first branh off the superior covexity of the aorti arch? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is the second branch off the superior convexity of the aortic arch? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the third branch of the superior convexity of the aortic arch? |
|
|
Term
| innominate/ brachiocephali artery |
|
Definition
| divides into the right common carotid and the right subclavian, which gives rise to the right vertebral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| originates slightly to the left of the innominate artery, followed by the left subclavian artery, whih likewise gives rise to the left vertebral artery |
|
|
Term
| left b/c it originates at the arch |
|
Definition
| which carotid is usually longer? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in the neck, the carotid, jugular, and vagus nerve are enclosed in connective tissue called what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What lies between and dorsal to the artery and vein? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What does the vagus nerve do? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occasionally the common carotid will be the origin of what branch? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the most commonly visualized branch on the ECA? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How many branches does the ECA have? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lies in the carotid sheath; runs deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large branches of subclavian arteries? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In majority of pts which vertebral is the dominant one? |
|
|
Term
- extravertebral
- intervertebral
- horizontal
- intracranial
|
|
Definition
| Vertebral is divided into what 4 segments? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| which segment of the verbebral is evaluated on carotid scan? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A difference greater than what between arms suggests a proximal stenosis/occlusion of the subclavian or innominate artery on the side of the lower pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tissue vibration produced by turbulence |
|
|
Term
7-10 MHZ liner array
High frequency |
|
Definition
| What kind of transducer is used for carotid? |
|
|
Term
| most of anterior circulation to brain |
|
Definition
| What does the ICA supply? |
|
|
Term
| supply posterior cerebral circulation to the brain |
|
Definition
| What does the vertebrals supply? |
|
|
Term
- brachiocephalic
- Lt CCA
- Lt Subclavian
|
|
Definition
| What 3 vessels come from the aorti arch? |
|
|
Term
- Rt CCA
- Rt subclavian
- Rt sternoclavicular junction
|
|
Definition
| Brachiocephalic divides into what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the posterior cirulation the ICA meets with |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What takes over if ICA or Vertebrals fail? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What supplies the medulla oblongata and inferior circulation of brain? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What layer does the plaque form on ? |
|
|
