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Carl Rogers
Phenomenological Theory of Personality/Humanistic-Person Centered
37
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
12/09/2010

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Term
actualizing tendency
Definition
innate tendency in all humans to maintain and enhance themselves
Term
anxiety
Definition
results when a person perceives or subceives an experience as being incompatible with his or her self-structure and its introjected conditions of worth
Term
awareness
Definition
characterizes the events in one's experience that have been symbolized and therefore have entered consciousness
Term
client-centered therapy
Definition
description of Roger's second approach to therapy in which the therapist makes an active effort to understand the client's subjective reality
Term
conditions of worth
Definition
conditions under which an incongruent person will experience positive regard
Term
defense
Definition
effort to change a threatening experience through distortion or denial
Term
denial
Definition
refusal to allow threatening experiences to enter awareness
Term
distortion
Definition
modification of a threatening experience so it is no longer threatening
Term
experience
Definition
all the events of which a person could be aware at any given moment
Term
experimental stage
Definition
third stage in the evolution of Rogers approach to therapy in which the feelings of the therapist become as important as the feelings of the client
Term
facilitator of education
Definition
term that Rogers thought was better than teacher because it suggests someone who is helpful and uncritical and who will provide the freedom that is necessary for learning to take place
Term
fully functioning person
Definition
person whose locus of evaluation is his or her own organismic valuing process rather than internalized conditions of worth
Term
ideal self
Definition
client's description of how he or she would like to be like
Term
ideal-sort
Definition
Statements chosen by a client as best describing the person he or she would most like to be.
Part of the Q-sort technique.
Term
incongruency
Definition
Exists when a person is no longer using the organismic valuing process as a means of evaluating experiences.
The person, under these conditions, is no longer acting honestly toward his or her self-experiences.
Term
internal frame of reference
Definition
subjective reality, or phenomenological field, according to which a person lives his or her life
Term
introjected values
Definition
conditions of worth that are internalized and become the basis for one's self-regard
Term
need for positive regard
Definition
need to receive warmth, sympathy, care, respect, and acceptance from the relevant people in one's life
Term
need for self-regard
Definition
need a person develops to feel positively about himself or herself
Term
nondirective therapy
Definition
description of Roger's first approach to therapy in which the emphasis was on the client's ability to solve his or her problems
Term
openness to experience
Definition
one of the chief characteristics of a fully functioning person
Term
organismic valuing process
Definition
Frame of reference that allows an individual to know if his or her experiences are in accordance with his or her actualizing tendency.
Those experiences that maintain or enhance the person are in accordance with this process; other experiences are not.
Term
person-centered stage
Definition
final stage in Roger's thinking in which the emphasis was on understanding the total person, not on understanding the person merely as a client
Term
phenomenological field
Definition
That portion of experience of which an individual is aware.
It is this subjective reality, rather than physical reality, that directs a person's behavior.
Term
phenomenological reality
Definition
person's private, subjective perception or interpretation of objective reality
Term
phenomenological reality
Definition
person's private, subjective perception or interpretation of objective reality
Term
psychotherapy
Definition
to Rogers, an experience designed to help an incongruent person become congruent
Term
Q-sort technique
Definition
method Rogers used to determine how a client's self-image changed as a function of therapy
Term
real self
Definition
client's description of how he or she currently views him- or herself
Term
Rogers-Skinner debate
Definition
debate held in 1955 between Rogers and Skinner over how best to use the principles discovered by the behavioral sciences
Term
satellite relationships
Definition
close relationships with individuals other than one's spouse
Term
self
Definition
that portion of the phenomenological field that becomes differentiated because of experiences involving terms such as I, me, and mine
Term
subception
Definition
detection of an experience before it enters full awareness
Term
symbolization
Definition
process by which an event enters an individual's awareness
Term
teacher
Definition
term that Rogers believed was unfortunate because it connotes an authoritarian figure who dispenses information to passive students
Term
threat
Definition
anything that is thought to be incompatible with one's self-structure
Term
unconditional positive regard
Definition
Experience of positive regard without conditions of worth.
In other words, positive regard is not contingent on certain acts or thoughts.
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