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Cario BIOL 151 Chap 1-5
SI
54
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/03/2010

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Term
Biology
Definition
The scientific study of life.
Term
Evolution
Definition
The process of change that has transformed life on Earth.
Term
Biosphere
Definition
The Earth and all of its inhabitants (living and non-living)
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
Tundra (living and non-living entities)
Term
Community
Definition
All the robins and blackbirds living at the VCU rice center.
Term
Population
Definition
VCU students
Term
Reductionism
Definition
The method of scientific study that involves breaking down a complex system to study its parts.
Term
Emergent Properties
Definition
Specific characteristics that arise from the interactions between parts of a biological system.
Term
Systems Biology
Definition

The method of biological study that involves looking at the specific interactions among parts of a system.

"The whole is greater than the sum of it's parts"

Term
Hypothesis
Definition
A tentative answer to a well formed question.
Term
Theory
Definition
A set of hypotheses that are generally accepted by most of the scientific community.
Term
Element
Definition
A substance that cannot be broken down via chemical reactions.
Term
Atom
Definition
Smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.
Term
Isotope
Definition
A change in the number of neutrons of an atom.
Term
Valence electron
Definition
Electrons that are located in the outer most electron shell.
Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
A strong bond formed by atoms sharing electrons.
Term
Electronegativity
Definition
An atom's attraction for electrons.
Term
Polar Covalent Bond
Definition
A strong bond between atoms sharing electrons unequally.
Term
Nonpolar Covalent Bond
Definition
A strong bond between atoms sharing electrons equally.
Term
Ionic Bond
Definition
A bond between atoms of opposite charges.
Term
Ion
Definition
A change in an atom's number of electrons.
Term
Hydrogen Bond
Definition
A weak bond formed between two polar molecules.
Term
Cohesion
Definition
The ability of water to stick to itself.
Term
Adhesion
Definition
The ability of water to stick to other polar molecules.
Term
Surface Tension
Definition
The property of water that allows a water bug to walk on top of it.
Term
Specific Heat
Definition
The amount of heat it takes to raise 1g of a substance 1 degree Celsius.
Term
Heat of Vaporization
Definition
Heat that must be absorbed by a molecule for 1g of it to be converted from a liquid to a gaseous state.
Term
Solvent
Definition
The disolving agent in a solution.
Term
Solute
Definition
The substance being disolved in a solution.
Term
Hydrophyllic
Definition
Water loving molecule
Term
Hydrophobic
Definition
Water fearing molecule.
Term
Acid
Definition
A molecule that releases H+ in solution (increases [H+])
Term
Base
Definition
A substance that increased [OH-] or decreases [H+]
Term
Buffer
Definition
A substance that minimizes changes in [OH-] and [H+]
Term
Isomer
Definition
A different spatial orientation of the same molecule. (Number of atoms does not change, only structure)
Term
Hydroxyl Group
Definition
-OH
Term
Carbonyl
Definition
-C=O
Term
Carboxyl
Definition
-COOH or -COO-
Term
Amino
Definition
-NH2
Term
Sulfhydryl
Definition
-SH
Term
Phosphate
Definition
-PO4
Term
Methyl
Definition
-CH3
Term
Polymer
Definition
A large molecule made up of monomers.
Term
Monomer
Definition
Building blocks of polymers.
Term
Condensation/Dehydration Reaction
Definition
The reaction that forms bonds by removing water.
Term
Hydrolysis Reaction
Definition
The reaction that breaks down larger molecules by adding water.
Term
Carbohydrates
Definition
Sugars.
Term
Monosaccharide
Definition
Ex. Glucose
Term
Structural polysaccharide
Definition
Ex. cellulose and chitin
Term
Storage polysaccharides
Definition
Ex. Starch and glycogen
Term
Lipids
Definition
Hydrophobic energy storage molecules.
Term
3 Fatty acids and a glycerol
Definition
Composition of a Fat
Term
Ester Linkage
Definition
Linkage between a glycerol and a fatty acid
Term
Glycosidic Linkage
Definition
A linkage between monosaccharides.
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