Elective surgery

urgent surgery

emergency surgery

What is Elective Surgery?

Elective surgery is not necessary to preserve life and may be performed when the patient chooses.

Examples:

bunionectomy, plastic surgery

Necessary for patients health

Example:

excision of cancerous tumor, removal of gallbladder for stones, vascular repair for obstructed artery

Must be done immediately to save life or preserve function of body part

Example:

removal of perforated appendix, repair of traumatic amputation, control of internal hemorrhaging

Involves minimal alteration in body parts; often designed to correct deformities; involves minimal risks compared with those of major procedured

Examples:

cataract extraction, skin graft, tooth extraction

Involves extensive reconstruction or alteration in body parts; poses great risk to well-being

Examples:

coronary bypass, colon resection, gastric resection

an amputation or excision of any part of the body or removal of a growth or harmfull substance

Examples:

amputations, removal of appendix, cholecystectomy

therapy designed to releave or reduce intensity of uncomfortable symptoms without cure

Examaples:

colostomy, debridement of necrotic tissue

surgical exploration that allows physician to confirm diagnosis; may involve removal of tissue for further diagnostic testing

Examples:

exploratory laparotomy(incision into peritoneal cavity to inspect abdominal organs) breast mass biopsy

Restores function or appearance to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue

Examples:

internal fixation of fractures, scar revicion, breast reconstruction

TRANSPLANT CONSTRUCTIVE

restores function lost or reduces as result of congenital anmalies

Examples:

repair of cleft palate, closure of atrial-septal defect in heart

• inpatient
• one-day (same-day surgery)
• outpatient
• short-stay unit
• short-stay surgical center

Surgical Terminology

Anastomosis

• fear of lass of control
• fear of the unknown
• fear of anesthesia
• fear of pain or inadequate postoperative analgesia
• fear of disruption of life patterns
• fear of change in body image and multilation
• fear of detection of cancer

• Age
• physical condition
• Nutritional factors
• Psychosocial needs
• Socioeconomic and cultural needs
• Education and experience

1. A is for allergy to medications chemicals and other enviromental products such as latex.
2. B is for bleeding tendencies or the use of medications that deter clotting, such as aspirin or products containing aspirin, haparin, or warfarin sodium.
3. C is for cortisone or steroid use.
4. D is for diabetes mallitus
5. E is for emboli such as lower leg blood clots

• urinalysis
• complete blood count
• blood chemistry profile
• hepatic
• renal
• cardivascular functions such as ECG

preoperative information helps

1. lessin anxiety
2. reduce the amount of anesthesia needed
3. decrease postsurgical pain
4. reduce corticosteroid production

informed consent

• small children may be easily frightened by this procedure, and it may need to be done in the operaitng room
• older adults will need a detailed explanation to relieve their anxierty
• older adults have less subcutaneous tissue, less skin elasticity, and more delicate tissue
• older adults are more susceptible to infections

• history of anaphylactic reaction of unknown etiology suring a medical or surgical procedure
• multiple surgical procedures
• food allergies
• a job with daily exposure to latex
• history reaction to latex
• allergy to poinsettia plants
• history of allergies and asthma

• AGE
• PHYSICAL AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS
• TYPE OF SURGERY
• PREFERENCE OF THE SURGEON

SURGICAL SITE FOR SKIN IMPAIRMENT

EXAMPLES:

INFECTION, IRRITATION, BRUSES, OR LESIONS

• IRRITANT REACTION
• TYPE IV ALLERGIC REACTION
• TYPE I ALLERGIC REACTION

WHEN DOES THE THE TYPE I LATEX ALLERGY OCCURS?

1. FLOW-ORIENTED INSPIRATORY SPIROMETER
2. VOLUME-ORIENTED SPIROMETER

• intracranial surgery
• eye surgery
• ear surgery
• nose surgery
• throat surgery
• spinal surgery