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22
Writing
Undergraduate 1
06/10/2014

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Term
critical thinker
Definition
the process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion
Term
argument
Definition
A conclusion
about an issue that is
supported by reasons.
Term
conclusion
Definition
n A position
taken about an issue, also
called a claim or an opinion;
in deductive reasoning, the
inference drawn from the
major and minor premises;
in research, the meaning and
significance of the data as
interpreted by the researcher.
Term
issues
Definition
The question or
subject under discussion.
Term
reasons
Definition
tatements of
evidence given to support
conclusions
Term
assumption
Definition
Beliefs,
usually taken for
granted, that are based
on the experiences,
observations, or desires
of an individual or
group.
Term
values
Definition
Beliefs, ideals, or
principles that are considered
worthy and held in high
regard
Term
value assumptions
Definition
ethical value assumptions are placed together to support a
claim
Term
value conflicts
Definition
Disagreements about the
priority different values should
have in decision making.
Term
value priortization
Definition
The process of choosing the
most important values in an
issue.
Term
morals
Definition
When values concern right and wrong behavior, we call them morals
Term
libertarianism
Definition
the highest ethical value is to promote individual liberty
Term
utilitarianism
Definition
the highest ethical value is that which promotes the
greatest general happiness and minimizes unhappines
Term
egalitarism
Definition
the highest ethical value is equality, which means justice
and opportunities distributed equally
Term
religious views
Definition
the highest ethical values are based on faith and spiritual
truth, such as loving God and one’s neighbor
Term
prima facie values
Definition
A
system of universal ethical
principles, such as honesty
and respect for others, that
are considered to be self-
evident and obvious to rational
individuals of every culture.
Term
ideal value
Definition
An ideal value is a value
that you believe to be right and good.
Term
real value
Definition
A real value is a value that you believe to be
right and good and that you consistently act upon in your life.
Term
role exchange test
Definition
he role exchange test asks you to empathize with the people
who will be affected by the action you take. Y
Term
universal consequences test
Definition
The universal consequences test focuses on the
general results (consequences) of an action you might take.
Term
new cases test
Definition
The New Cases Test. The new cases test asks you to consider whether your action is
consistent with other actions that are in the same category.
Term
higher principles test
Definition
The Higher Principles Test. The higher principles test asks you to determine if the
principle on which you are basing your action is consistent with a higher or more
general principle you accept.
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