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Cardivascular System Terms
Week 5 NUR101 Terminology
68
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
09/08/2012

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Cards

Term

 

 

autonomic nervous system

(ANS)

Definition

 

portion of the nervous system that regulates involuntary actions, such as heart rate, digestion and peristalis

Term

 

 

leaflet

Definition

 

thin flattened structure; term used to describe the leaf-shaped structures that compose the heart valve

Term

 

 

lumen

Definition

 

tubular space or channel within any organ or structure of the body; space within an artery, vein, intestine or tube

Term

 

 

regurgitation

Definition

 

 

backflow or ejecting contents through an opening

Term

 

 

sphincter

Definition

 

circular muscle found in a tubular structure or hollow organ that constricts or dialates to regulate passage of substances through its opening 

Term

 

 

vasoconstriction

Definition

 

narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel that limits blood flow, usually as a result of diseases, medications or physiological process

Term

 

 

vasodilation

Definition

 

widening of the lumen of a blood vessel caused by the relaxing of the muscles of the vascular wall

Term

 

 

viscosity

Definition

 

 

a state of being sticky or gummy

Term

 

 

aneurysm/o

Definition

 

 

widened blood vessel

Term

 

angi/o

 

vascul/o

Definition

 

 

vessel (usually blood or lymph)

Term

 

 

aort/o

Definition

 

 

aorta

Term

 

 

arteri/o

Definition

 

 

artery

Term

 

 

arteriol/o

Definition

 

 

arteriole

Term

 

 

atri/o

Definition

 

 

atrium

Term

 

 

ather/o

Definition

 

 

fatty plaque

Term

 

 

cardi/o

Definition

 

 

heart

Term

 

 

electr/o

Definition

 

 

electricity

Term

 

 

embol/o

Definition

 

 

embolus (plug)

Term

 

 

hemangi/o

Definition

 

 

blood vessel

Term

 

 

my/o

Definition

 

 

muscle

Term

 

phelb/o

 

ven/o

Definition

 

 

vein

Term

 

 

scler/o

Definition

 

 

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

Term

 

 

sept/o

Definition

 

 

septum

Term

 

 

sphygm/o

Definition

 

 

pulse

Term

 

 

sten/o

Definition

 

 

narrowing, stricture

Term

 

 

thromb/o

Definition

 

 

blood clot

Term

 

 

ventricul/o

Definition

 

 

ventricle (of the heart or brain)

Term

 

 

-gram

Definition

 

 

record, writing

 

Term

 

 

-graph

Definition

 

 

instrument for recording

Term

 

 

-graphy

Definition

 

 

process of recording

Term

 

 

-sphyxia

Definition

 

 

pulse

Term

 

 

-stenosis

Definition

 

 

narrowing, stricture

Term

 

 

brady-

Definition

 

 

slow

Term

 

 

endo-

Definition

 

 

in, within

Term

 

 

extra-

Definition

 

 

outside

Term

 

 

peri-

Definition

 

 

around

Term

 

 

tachy-

Definition

 

 

rapid

Term

 

 

trans-

 

Definition

 

 

across

Term

 

 

arrest

Definition

condition of being stopped or bringing to a stop

cardiac - loss of effective cardiac function, which results in cessation of circulation

circulatory - cessation of the circulation of blood due to ventricular standstill or fibrillation

Term

 

 

arrhythmia

Definition

 

inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or "skipping" a beat; also called dysrhythmia

Term

 

 

bruit

Definition

 

soft blowing sound heard on ausculation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the movement of blood, vascular action, or both; also called murmur

Term

 

 

deep vein thrombosis

Definition

 

blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially those in the legs or thighs

Term

 

 

embolus

Definition

 

mass of undissoled matter (foreign object, air, gas, tissue, thrombus) circulating in the blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel

Term

 

 

hemostasis

Definition

 

 

arrest of bleeding or circulation

Term

 

 

hyperlipidemia

Definition

 

excessive amounts of lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides) in the blood

Term

 

 

hypertension

Definition

 

common disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic

Term

 

 

primary hypertension

Definition

 

 

HTN in which there is no identifiable cause; also called essential hypertension

Term

 

 

secondary hypertension

Definition

 

 

HTN that results from an underlying, identifiable, commonly correctable cause

Term

 

 

hyperactive heart disease

Definition

 

any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including left ventricular hypertrophy, cornary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure

Term

 

 

infarct

Definition

 

 

area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply

Term

 

 

ischemia

Definition

 

 

local and tempory deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction

Term

 

 

palpitaion

Definition

 

sensation that the heart is not beating normally, possibly including "thumping," "fluttering," "skipped beats" or a pounding feeling in the chest

Term

 

 

perfusion

Definition

 

circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through the vessels of an organ

Term

 

 

stent

Definition

 

 

slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes or obstructed arteries

Term

 

 

thrombus

Definition

 

 

blod clot the obstructs a vessel

Term

 

 

cardiac catherization

Definition

 

passage of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart

Term

 

 

electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG)

Definition
graphic line recording that shows the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart using small metal electrodes applied to the chest, arms and legs
Term

 

 

holter moniter test

Definition

 

ECG taken with a small portable recording system capable of storing up to 24 hours of ECG tracings

Term

 

 

stress test

Definition

 

 

ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions

Term

 

 

cardiac enzyme studies

Definition

 

 

blood test that measures troponin T, troponin I and creatine kinase (CK-MB)

Term

 

 

coronary angiography

Definition

 

 

angiography to determine the degree of obstruction of the arteries that supply blood to the heart

Term

 

 

lipid panel

Definition

 

series of tests (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and triglycerides) used to assess risk factors of ischemis heart disease

Term

 

 

echocardiography

Definition

 

noninvasive diagnostic method that uses ultasound to visualize internal cardiac structures and produce images of the heart

Term

 

 

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Definition

 

noninvasive technique that uses radiowaves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images of blood vessels

Term

 

 

CABG

Definition

 

 

coronary artery bypass graft

Term

 

 

DVT

Definition

 

 

deep vein thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis

Term

 

 

MI

Definition

 

 

myocardial infarction

Term

 

 

CAD

Definition

 

 

coronary artery disease

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