Term
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Definition
| Prevent thrombus formation or extension |
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Term
| Thrombolytics/Fibrinolytics |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Keep platelets from adhering to fibrin meshwork of a clot |
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Term
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Definition
Anticoagulant
Potentiates antithrombin III, blocking free thrombin
Prevents/retards formation of new thrombi; prevents clots from extending |
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Term
| Low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH): Enoxaparin (Lovenox) |
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Definition
Anticoagulant
Potentiates antithrombin III, blocking free thrombin
Post-op DVT & PE prevention, DVT prevention, knee/hip surgery. Longer t 1/2 - give every 12 h subQ
Given IV for acute STEMI |
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Term
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Definition
Given only IV or SC
Monitor for blood in stool & urine; do CBC & platelet count |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Protamine sulfate; thrombocytopenia |
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Term
| Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) |
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Definition
| 1.5-2.0 times control value is desired |
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Term
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Definition
Cost more, but don't require APTT monitoring
Dosed SC for DVT prevention (or acute)
1st line therapy for DVT d/t decreased tendency to cause thrombocytopenia & no monitoring |
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Term
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Definition
Antagonizes vit. K's role in activating clotting factors
Prevents extension of thrombus; prevents formation of new thrombi; difficult to clot |
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Term
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Definition
| Prothrombin time - want 1.3-1.5 |
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Term
|
Definition
| International Normal Ratio - want 2.0-3.0 times |
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Term
| Warfarin drug interactions |
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Definition
ASA
Vit. K
Diet (dark leafy greens, nuts, blueberries) |
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Term
|
Definition
Anticoagulant
Given IV to prevent clots in pts undergoing coronary angioplasty |
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Term
|
Definition
Anticoagulant
SubQ for DVT |
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Term
| Dabigatran Extilate (Pradaxa) |
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Definition
Anticoagulant
Thrombin inhibitor. No monitoring, rapid onset, few drug-food interactions, lower risk of bleeds & same dose works on all pts. Only approved for prevention of stroke in pts w/ afibrillation
$$$$$ |
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Term
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Definition
Anticoagulant
Used to prevent stroke in afib pts; thrombin inhibitor. Does not require monitoring & few drug-food interactions.
$$$$$ |
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Term
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Definition
Anticoagulant
Factor Xa inhibitor, rapid onset, no monitoring, fixed dose, lower bleeds risk, few drug-food interactions. Use to prevent stroke in afib pts & for pts w/ knee/hip replacements
$$$$$ |
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Term
| TPA - Alteplase (Activase),Tenecteplase (TNKase) |
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Definition
Fibrinolytic
Binds to fibrin then activates plasminogen-plasmin. May be given by bolus or injection - faster
Used for MI, stroke, massive PE. Few SE, few allergic reactions, but $2,750/dose |
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Term
| Fibrinolytic considerations |
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Definition
| Dissolve clots; "clot busters" - given after acute MI or stroke. Time is crucial!! |
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Term
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Definition
Antiplatelet drugs
Inhibits cyclooxygenase; blocks formation of TXA2, which aggregates platelets
Dose: 80-325 mg/day. Can be used for unstable angina, stroke, or MI
Ibuprofen used in ASA allergy |
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Term
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Ticlodipine (Ticlid) |
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Definition
Antiplatelet
Inhibits platelet Phosphodiesterase; decreases platelet aggregation; "super aspirins" given IV
Used w/ warfarin post-op, MI. Used w/ heparin. *Decreases CV mortality from MI (Acute Coronary Syndrome) |
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