Term
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Definition
Na+ channel blockers. Block fast Na channels causing decrease in amp and rate of depolarization
Effect: slow conduction, suppress abnormal automaticity
Tx: terminate reentry arrhythmias
protect from supraventricular tachyrrhythmias
(causes 2-way block) |
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Term
| frequency dependent na channel block (1a, 1b, 1c) |
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Definition
| Na+ channels only work when channel is in inactivated state |
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Term
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Definition
| Intermediate dissociation |
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Term
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Definition
| dissociate very quickly- no effect at normal heart rates (only tachycardia) |
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Term
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Definition
| Very slow dissociation- considerable effect at normal and even slow HR |
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Term
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Definition
Class 1a
-Muscarinic and alpha adrenergic blockade
Sfx: Doubles digoxin levels, "Quinidine syncope"- can cause EAD |
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Term
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Definition
Class 1a
-less muscarinic blockade than quinidine
-acetylated to NAPA which has class 3 drug properties (blocks K+ channels)
Sfx: Can cause Lupus-like autoimmune sundrome, proarrhythmatic- torsades |
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Term
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Definition
Class 1b drug (IV only-rapid hepatic metabolism)
-short term management of life-threatening vent arrhythmias |
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Term
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Definition
Class 1c
-Blocks a K+ current in repolarization
-Prolongs action potential duration |
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Term
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Definition
Beta adrenergic antagonist (Beta Block)
-Decreased HR and ectopic automaticity
-Enhance AV block |
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Term
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Definition
Class II
Tx: Supravent tachy, A and V arrhythmias, Post MI |
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Term
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Definition
| Class II anti-arrhythmatic short acting to slow vent rate |
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Term
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Definition
| Block K+ channels responsible for phase 3 repolarization causing long action potential (w/ long refractory period) |
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Term
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Definition
Class III (oral and IV)
Sfx: some alpha and beta block (class II), super long half-life (concentrates in tissues), Potentially fatal pulmonary fibrosis with long duration
Tx: Vent Tachy (resistant to other Tx)
SVT |
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Term
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Definition
Class III (IV only)
-Causes longer repolarization, but only in healthy tissue. So there isn't a discrepancy between healthy and damaged tissue (same action potential lengths)
Sfx: initially causes catecholamine release (^ SA automaticity), then interferes with catecholamine storage (antiadrenergic)
-Hypotension
-Transient hypertension and worsened arrhythmia (initial catchole release) |
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Term
| Class IV antiarrhymatic drugs |
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Definition
| Blockade of L-type Ca++ channels -Decrease HR -Slow AV conduction (Use dependent- work more at faster rates) |
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Term
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Definition
Class IV -Decrease contractility (contra: CHF) -Can cause vascular smooth muscle relaxation (baroreceptor mediated tachycard) Tx: Supraventricular Tach
*Cardioselective Ca++ blocker |
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Term
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Definition
Ultra short acting anti-arrhythmatic (IV bolus)
"vagomimetic"- G-protein something
Tx: paroxysmal SVT |
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Term
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Definition
Cardiac Glycoside
-blockade of Na/K ATPase
Tx: A-fib and Heart Failure |
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Term
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Definition
-Dose based on lean body mass
*Narrow therapeutic index |
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Term
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Definition
ACE inhibitor
-inhibits conversion of Angiotensin 1 to 2
-increases bradykinin by inhibiting kininase
Relaxes both arterioles and veins
Sfx: Cough
Hyperkalemia |
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Term
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Definition
ACE inhibitor
-Prodrug w/ longer half life thatn captopril |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
ARB
-longer half life than Valsartan
no cough |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1st Beta blocker for use with mild to moderate CHF. |
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Term
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Definition
-Vasodilator, quick acting, short action
-Mainly a venodilator (decrease preload)
-Used with transient ischemia (large 1st pass effect, not sublingual though
-Active as is (not prodrug) |
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Term
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Definition
-Nitrate vasodilator (mainly venodilators)
-Longer half-life, long onset
-Used for prevention (angina)
-Converted to Isosorbid-5-nitrate |
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Term
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Definition
-Reflex tachycardia
-Can get nitrate tolerance
-Orthostatic HypoTN |
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Term
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Definition
| -Nitrate periods of at least 8 hours in between |
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Term
| Ca++ channel blockers action |
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Definition
Vasodilate Coronary arteries
(Reduce afterload)
-Lower HR and decrease contractility |
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Term
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Definition
| "Balanced" Ca++ channel blocker (get vaso and cardio) -Periph and coronary vasodilation -slows AV node conduction and lowers contractility Sfx: Cardiodepression, AV block, CHF symptoms, |
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Term
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Definition
Ca++ blocker
-Better Coronary Art vasodilator
-SA node blocker
Sfx: AV block, Cardiodepression |
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Term
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Definition
| Ca++ channel blocker w/ predominantly vascular effects Less cardiotoxic -Increases HR and contractility |
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Term
| Vasodilators with Beta Blockers |
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Definition
| Get compensatory Tachycardia, ^ HR, Less vagal tone |
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Term
| Action of Phosphodiesterase inhibitors |
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Definition
| Keep phosphodiesterase (type 5) from converting cGMP to GMP. |
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Term
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Definition
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
-Active metabolite from the liver (CYP3A4)
Contra: People using Nitrates for angina |
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