Term
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Definition
Carry blood away from the heart
Thickest and most muscular of the vessels |
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Term
| Functions of the Cardiovascular System |
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Definition
| Oxygen transport and delivery |
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Term
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Definition
Carry blood back to the heart
Thin-walled |
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Term
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Definition
Connect arteries to veins
Smallest and thinnest of the blood vessels |
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Term
| Functions of Blood Vessels |
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Definition
Blood transport
Pressure and return
Gas exchange |
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Term
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Definition
| High-pressure distribution circuit |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Function of Left side of heart |
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Definition
Receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins
Pumps blood to the systemic circulation
-ascending thoracic aorta |
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Term
| Function of Right side of heart |
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Definition
Receives deoxyginated blood from systemic circulation
Pumps blood to the lungs for aeration through pulmonary circulation |
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Term
| Which side of the heart pumps blood with oxygen in to the systemic circulation |
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Definition
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Term
| What does exercise do to the size of the heart? |
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Definition
| Left ventricle size increases |
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Term
| Which compartment of the heart and vessels have valves? |
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Definition
Atrioventricular valves
-Right atrioventricular valve
--Tricuspid valve
-Left atrioventricular valve
--Mitral or bicuspid valve |
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Term
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Definition
Thin-walled, sack like
Receives and stores blood during ventricular contraction
Around 70% of blood returning to the atrium flows directly into the ventricles before the atrium contracts
The simultaneous atrial contraction, ventricles contract to propel blood into pulmonary or systemic circulation |
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Term
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Definition
As ventricular pressure builds, the AV valves snap shut
All 4 heart valves remain closed for about 0.02-0.06 seconds
-During this brief interal of rising ventrical tension:
--Heart volume
--Muscle fiber length remains unchanged
--Called "Isovolumetic contraction period
When ventricular pressure exceeds arterial pressure, the semi lunar valves are forced open
Spiral and circular arrangements of bands of cardiac muscle "wrings out" blood from ventricles |
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Term
| What is the skeletal muscle pump? |
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Definition
The rhythmic of muscular activity and consequent compression of the vascular tree
-That is why many people faint when forced to stand upright without movement for extended periods |
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Term
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Definition
Person is strapped to table and held horizontally until HR and BP stabilize
If table is tilted upright
-Blood pools in the lower extremities (edema)
--Hydrostatic pressure shifter due to gravity
(Down) venous return, (down) cardiac output, (down) arterial blood pressure, (down) cerebral blood flow
(up) HR, (up) blood mobilization from splanchnic region by upstream vasoconstriction, (up) venoconstriction to counteract pooling |
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Term
| Parts of the Electrocardiogram |
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Definition
ECG
Depolarization waves
-P waves
--Atrial depolarization
-QRS complex
--Ventricular depolarization
Repolarization waves
-Atrial T wave
--Atrial repolarization
Usually occurs during QRS; therefore, unnoticeable
-Ventricular T wave
--Ventricular repolarization |
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Term
| Function of Sinoatrial Node (SA) |
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Definition
| Pacemaker of the heart; right auricle |
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Term
| What is the percentage of blood flowing directly from the atriums into the ventricles during atrium contraction and relaxation? |
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Definition
| 70-75% of blood flows directly from the atriums into the ventricles during atrium contraction and relaxation |
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Term
| Know what percentage of ventricular ejection occurs during the 1/3 and last 2/3 of systole. |
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Definition
| Final 1/3 involves atrial contraction for an additional 25-30% of filling |
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Term
| Know the influence of training on EDV, ESV, and EF |
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Definition
End-Diastolic Volume-- Power output goes up
End-Systolic Volume-- Power output goes down
Ejection Fraction-- Power output goes up |
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Term
| Know the influence of training on stroke volume |
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Definition
Determinant of cardiorespiratory endurance capacity at maximal rates of work
Increase with increasing rates of work up to intensities 40% or 60% of max
May continue to increase up through maximal exercise intensity |
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Term
| Understand the cardiac output and how it is influenced by heart rate and stroke volume |
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Definition
Q
-The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute
--Dependent upon
---Heart Rate
---Stroke volume
----The quantity of blood ejected from the heart with each beat
Q (mLxmin^-1)=HR (beatsxmin^-1)x SV (mLxbeat^-1) |
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