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cardiovascular system
N/A
21
Physiology
12th Grade
05/17/2009

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Cards

Term
Pericardim
Definition

Encloses the heart.

 

Term
Cardiovascular system
Definition

function: supplies oxygen and nutrients to tissues, removes waste.

 

includes: capillaries, veins, heart, vessels, and arteries

Term
What are the 3 layers of the walls of the heart?
Definition

1. the epicardium - outermost layer

2. myocardium - middle layer

3. endocardium - innermost layer

Term
Epicardium
Definition

outermost layer of the heart.

made of connective tissue.

functions to house blood.

 

aka visceral pericardium

Term
Myocardium
Definition

middle layer (and thickest layer) of the heart wall

made of cardiac muscle

Term
Endocardium
Definition

Innermost layer of the heart wall

made of connective tissue

is "continuous" with the endothelium of the major vessels joining the heart.

Term
How many chambers does the heart have?
Definition
four
Term

Where are the atria located?

what is their function?

Definition

On top (The top two heart chambers)

 

Atria recieve blood returning to the heart

have thin walls

Term

Where are the ventricles located?

what is their function

Definition

The bottom (the ventricles are the bottom two chambers of the heart)

 

Term
What divides the atrium and ventricles?
Definition
a septum
Term
what does an A-V valve do?
Definition

ensures that the blood flows only one way

 

the RIGHT A-V valve is a tricuspid

the LEFT A-V valve is a BIcuspid

 

corrdae tendinae contract to prevent backflow of blood through the A-V valves

Term
Chordae tendinae
Definition

attached to papillary muscles in the inner heart that contract during ventricular contraction to prevent backflow of blood through the A-V valves

 

when the chordae tendinae is relaxed, the valve is opened, when it is contracted, the valve is closed

Term
vena cavae
Definition
superior and inferior both bring blood from the body to the right atrium.
Term
why does the right ventricle have a thinner wall than the left ventricle?
Definition
because the right ventricle only has to pump blood to the lungs, compared to the left ventricle which has to pump blood to the entire body
Term
pulmonary valve
Definition

found at the base of the pulmonary trunk

functions to prevent a return flow of blood to the ventricle

Term
how many pulmonary veins are there?
Definition
four
Term
where does the left atrium recieve blood from?
Definition
Recieves blood from the four pulmonary veins
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