Term
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Definition
| the medial cavity of the thorax |
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Term
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Definition
| directed toward the left hip and rests on the diaphragm. ~5th intercostal space |
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Term
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Definition
| Points towards the right shoulder and lies beneath the second rib. |
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Term
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Definition
| double-walled sac that encloses the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| loosely fitting superficial part of the sac of the pericardium |
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Term
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Definition
| Deep to the Fibrous pericardium, slippery layer that protects the heart and anchors it to the diaphragm and sternum. |
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Term
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Definition
| lines the interior of the fibrous pericardium |
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Term
| visceral layer/epicardium |
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Definition
| on teh superior aspect of the heart, attaches to the large arteries leaving the heart, makes a U-turn and continues inferiorly over the heart surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the pericardium |
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Term
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Definition
contracts the heart
consist of thick bundles of cardiac muscle twisted and whorled into ringlike arrangements.
reinforced internally by a denxe fibrous connective tissue (skeleton of the heart) |
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Term
| tight junctions in the heart |
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Definition
| strongly bind the mobile cardiac cells together |
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Term
| gap junctions in the heart |
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Definition
| allow ions to flow from cell to cell carrying a wave of excitement across the heart |
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Term
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Definition
thin, glistening sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers.
continuous with the blood vessels that leave and enter the heart |
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Term
| Three layers of the heart wall |
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Definition
epicarium
myocardium
endocarium |
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Term
|
Definition
recieving chambers
of the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| discharging chambers of the heart |
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Term
| interventricular septum/interartrial septum |
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Definition
| septum that divides the heart longitudinally |
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Term
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Definition
| tubes (over 60,000 miles) that carry blood |
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Term
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Definition
| carry blood away from heart |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| connect arteries and veins |
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Term
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Definition
| tissue responsible for ensuring functions of the cardio system is accomplished |
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Term
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Definition
| thicker ventricle and pumps blood systemic |
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Term
| Right Ventricle pumps blood to the |
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Definition
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Term
| Heart is approximately the size |
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Definition
of a closed fist
12 cm long 9cm wide 6cm thick |
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Term
|
Definition
<1lbs.
250g. females
300g. males |
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Term
| atriaventricular valves (AV valves) |
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Definition
tricupid-right side of heart
bicuspid-left side of heart |
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Term
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Definition
| AV valve that found between the right atrium and ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
buildup of pericardial fluid
bleeding into the pericardial cavity
may result in cardiac failure |
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Term
|
Definition
pulmonary-seperates the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk
aortic- seperates Left ventricle and aorta |
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Term
|
Definition
| semilunar valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk |
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Term
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Definition
| semilunar valve that seperates the left ventricle and the aorta |
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Term
| the endocardium consist of what kind of cells |
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Definition
| simple squamous endothelium |
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Term
|
Definition
bypass for fetus
connects arch of aorta and pulmonary trunk |
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Term
|
Definition
| allow atrium to absorb more blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| blood flow through the tricuspid valve |
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Definition
| right atrium-tricuspid valve-right ventricle |
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Term
| Right atrium recieves blood from |
|
Definition
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
coronary sinus |
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Term
| ventricle that forms the most anterior surface of the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| ventricle that forms the apex of the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| blood flow through the right ventricle |
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Definition
| RV through pulmonary semilunar valve to pulmonary trunk to right and left pulmonary arteries |
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Term
| 3 types of blood circulation |
|
Definition
systemic-left side of the heart-delivery of oxygenated blood-return of deoxygenated blood
pulmonary-right side of heart-deoxygenated blood from heart ot lungs and oxygenated blood from lungs to heart
coronary circulation- through cardiac tissue |
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Term
| pulmonary blood circut flow |
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Definition
right side of heart
recieves blood from systemic circulation
ejects blood into pulmonary trunk
then pulmonary arteries
gas exchange in pulmonary capillaries
pulmonary veins return blood to the left atrium |
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Term
| systemic blood circut flow |
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Definition
left side of the heart
recieves blood from LU
Ejects blood into the Aorta-major artery |
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Term
| deoxygenated blood through the vena cava-> tricuspid valve-> RV->pulmonary semilunar valve->pulmonary trunk->pulmonary arteries-> Lungs for gas exchange-> Oxygenated blood through the pulmonary veings-> LA |
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Definition
| Pulmonary circut: Oxygenation of Blood |
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Term
| Lungs (oxy blood)-> Pulmonary Veing-> LA->bicuspid->LV->Aortic SL valve-> Aorta-> systemic circulation |
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Definition
| Systemic circulation through the heart |
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Term
| Aorta-> Branching arteris->arteries & arterioles of body tissues->capillaries (gas exchange)->Venules-> Veins-> Vena Cava->RA |
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Definition
| Systemic circulation through arteries and veins |
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Term
| in systemic circulation the gas exchange takes place in the |
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Definition
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Term
| Coronary/Cardiac circulation |
|
Definition
takes place in the network of blood vessels found in the myocardium
Delivers oxygenated blood and nutrients to myocardium and removes CO2 and waste |
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Term
|
Definition
collateral routes between branches of arteries
provide alternate routes and insure blood delivery to heart even if major vessels are occluded |
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Term
|
Definition
circumflex branch
anterior interventricular artery supplies both LV and RV |
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Term
|
Definition
marginal branch
posterior interventricular artery supplies both ventricles |
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Term
|
Definition
| drain directly from myocardium into ventricles |
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Term
|
Definition
| network of blood vessels surrounding cardiac muscle |
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Term
| sarcoplasmic reticulum stores |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary striated, short, fat, branched, less circular, interconnected, single nucleus |
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Term
|
Definition
| interconnection of cells end to end |
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Term
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Definition
| hold fibers together contained in the disc |
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Term
|
Definition
contained in discs
conduct action potential |
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Term
| cardiac muscle is located |
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Definition
| in the walls of the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| study of bloode, blood-forming itissues and disorders associated with them. |
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Term
| What is the function of the Cardiovascular system |
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Definition
Trasportation
Protection
Regulation |
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Term
| Blood has these components |
|
Definition
plasma
cells -RBC, WBC, platelets |
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Term
| plasma makes up what percentage of blood |
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Definition
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Term
| RBC make up what percent of blood |
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Definition
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Term
| WBC make up what percent of blood |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
fluid portion of blood
91% water, albumin & globulin, crucial hormones & clotting factors |
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Term
|
Definition
| trasport oxygen from the lungs to all tissues of the body and return carbon dioxide back to the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| protect against diseases & infections |
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Term
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Definition
| small plate-shaped cells that cluster together to help form blood clots when bleed occurs |
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Term
|
Definition
Acute- uncontrolled production fo immature leukocytes, crowding out normal red bone marrow cells by productio fo immature WBC, prevents production of RBC &platelets
chronic-accumulation of mature WBC in bloodstream because they do not die, classified by type of WBC that is predominant- monocytic, lymphocytic. |
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Term
|
Definition
inherited deficiency of clotting factors
bleeding spontaneously or after minor trauma
subcutaneous & intramuscular hemorrhaging
nosebleeds, blood in urine, articular bleeding & pain |
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Term
|
Definition
lacks factor VIII
most common
males only |
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Term
|
Definition
lacks factor IX
males only |
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Term
|
Definition
less severe because alternate clotting activator exist
males and females |
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Term
| what type of hemophilia can affect women? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| formation of blood clot in vessel |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
smooth muscle in artery or arteriole walls contracts
reduces blood loss while other stages of hemostasis start |
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Term
| 3 mechanisms to reduce blood loss |
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Definition
Vascular spasm
platelet plug formation
blood clotting |
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Term
|
Definition
| sequence of envents that stops bleeding ina quick & localized fashion when blood vessels are damaged |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 types of cells in heart |
|
Definition
contractile cells
autorhythmic (automatic) cells |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| allows atrium a chance to mechanically move blood into the ventricles |
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Term
|
Definition
site of AP next entry
located in interventricular septum
conduct AP rapidly to contractile muscle of ventricle
extends thru interventricular septum to apex of heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| act like nerve fibers condut AP from apex up to base along ventricular myocardium to stimulate contraction of both ventricles blood pushed upwards to semilunar valves and circualted |
|
|
Term
| atrioventricular bundle (AV) is also known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1.atrial contraction/systole
2. Isovolumetric/ventricular contraction
3. Ventricular ejection
4. Isovolumetric/ventricular relaxation
5. Passive ventricular filling |
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