Term
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Definition
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Term
| location of heart in adult |
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Definition
| centre of chest (praecordium), behind and to the left of the sternum. Small section of right atrium extends to the sternum's right. Heart apex at bottom tip and base at top portion. Apex usually touches the anterior chest wall at appx 4th or 5th intercostal space just medial (left) of midclavicular line |
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Term
| Difference in heart position with infants/children to age of 7, and adults |
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Definition
| children/infants: heart lies more to left and horizontally |
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Term
| position of pt with cardiac or respiratory disease and rationale |
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Definition
| upper body elevated at 45 degrees, most suffer from SOB when lying flat |
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Term
| beginning examination position |
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Definition
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Term
| where to position self when doing assessment |
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Definition
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Term
| suggested orderly sequence of palpation |
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Definition
| assessment from base to apex |
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Term
| important features and landmarks to identify on palpation (6) |
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Definition
| angle of louis, intercostal spaces(second, third, fourth and fifth right and left intercostal space) and apical area |
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Term
| how to find angle of louis |
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Definition
http://www.google.co.nz/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=9_yKsKf-B5fcJM&tbnid=eUxk8PLTRXSrGM:&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.memrise.com%2Fcourse%2F43238%2Fdurham-university-medicine-year-one%2F3%2F&ei=-Q4hVJHuEojN8gWN9ICoBw&bvm=bv.75775273,d.dGc&psig=AFQjCNFkGy9su9J2LvJzsbApqRt9gAZulw&ust=1411538863273362
lies between the manubrium and sternal body |
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Term
| how to find second right and left intercostal spaces |
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Definition
| find angle of loius, slip finger across on each side to feel ribs. Below is the second left and right intercostal space of each rib |
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Term
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Definition
| locate fifth intercostal space, left of sternum, move fingers laterally, just medial to left midclavicular line |
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Term
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Definition
| apperance of pulsations view each area over chest at an angle to side of chest |
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Term
| what to expect on normal inspections and palpations |
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Definition
| no pulsations can be seen or felt in the 2nd, 3rd or 4th intercostal spaces. May be seen at the apical impulse site in thin pts or at the epigastric area (result of abdominal aorta pulsations) |
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Term
| how to use fingers and hands when palpating |
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Definition
| best to use proximal halves of four fingers together. Alternate with ball of hand. |
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Term
| what to do at the apical impulse |
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Definition
| light tap felt in area 1-2 cm diameter of space at apex |
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Term
| other method to finding apical impulse |
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Definition
| ask pt to lie on left side |
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Term
| how to estimate heart size |
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Definition
| note diameter of apical impulse relative to midclavicular line |
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Term
| observation of serious heart disease |
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Definition
| cardiac muscle enlarges. Apical impulse is found left to midclavicular line |
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Term
| area of palpation for infant apical impulse |
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Definition
| near 3rd or 4th intercostal space(chest wall is thinner) |
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Term
| what to hear as novice nurse |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| closure of mitral and tricuspid valves. Signal beginning of systole |
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Term
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Definition
| closure of pulmonic and aortic valves. Signals end diastole |
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Term
| who should validate extra heart sounds and murmurs should be validated by who? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| occurs after long diastolic pause. Precedes short systolic pause. High-pitched, dull in quality, heard best at apex |
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Term
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Definition
| follows short systolic pause and precedes long diastolic pause. Best heard at aortic area |
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Term
| other then sound, ausculate for what other factors? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| combination of s1 and s2 "lub dub" |
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Term
| what to asculate for in normal s1 and s2 periods |
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Definition
interval between s1 and s2
time between s2 and s1
normal: regular intervals and distinct silence between s1 and s2 |
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Term
| describe central cyanosis (what it indicates and signs) |
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Definition
| indication of poor arterial oxygenation. tongue, oral mucosa and conjuctivae appear bluish |
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Term
| describe peripheral cyanosis (what it indicates and signs) |
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Definition
| indication of peripheral vasoconstriction. Blue lips, ear lobes and nail beds appear blue |
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Term
| what to do when pulse is irregular |
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Definition
| Compare regularity between apical and radial pulse sites to also identify if pulse deficit also exist |
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Term
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Definition
| peripheral pulse rate < ventricular contraction rate at ausculated heart apex |
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Term
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Definition
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