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Cardiovascular and Nervous System
Cardiovascular and Nervous System
4
Medical
Undergraduate 1
09/13/2025

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Term

Cardiovascular and Nervous Systems Prefixes

Cardiovascular System Prefixes 
 
    1. a-, an- (without, absence of)**
    2. brady- (slow)****
    3. cardi/o- (heart)****
    4. dys- (abnormal, difficult)****
    5. endo- (within)****
    6. epi- (upon, on)****
    7. hemi- (half)****
  • hyper- (above, excessive)****
  • hypo- (below, deficient)****
  • inter- (between)****
  • pan- (all)****
  • peri- (around)****
  • poly- (many)****
  • tachy- (fast)****
  • vas/o- (vessel)**** 
     
Nervous System Prefixes 
 
  • neuro- (nerve)****
  • a-, an- (without, absence of)****
  • aut/o- (self)**
  • crani/o- (skull)**
  • dors/o- (back)**
  • hemi- (half)****
  • hyper- (above, excessive)****
  • hypo- (below, deficient)**
  • inter- (between)**
  • intra- (within)**
  • para- (beside, beyond)**
  • peri- (around)**
  • poly- (many)**
  • post- (after)**
  • sub- (below)****
  • syn- (together)**
  • trans- (across)**
  • ventr/o- (belly, front)**
  • psych/o- (mind)****
  • encephal/o- (brain)****
  • **myel/o 
Definition
Term

Cardiovascular and Nervous System suffixes

General Conditions & States 
 
    • -ac: or -ic: Pertaining to (e.g., cardiac, electric)
    • -ia: Condition of, abnormal state (e.g., anemia (lack of blood), neurasthenia)
    • -logy: Specialty, study of (e.g., cardiology, neurology)
    • -logist: Specialist who studies and treats (e.g., cardiologist, neurologist)
  • -osis: Abnormal condition (e.g., atherosclerosis)
  • -ous: Pertaining to (e.g., venous)
  • -pathy: Disease (e.g., neuropathy)
Pain & Sensation 
 
  • -dynia: Pain (e.g., cardiodynia)
  • -esthesi(o)-: Sensation or sensitivity (e.g., anesthesia)
  • -esthesia: Sensation, perception
Procedures & Instruments 
 
  • -apheresis: Removal (e.g., plasmapheresis)
  • -centesis: Surgical puncture to aspirate fluid (e.g., pericardiocentesis)
  • -ectomy: Excision, surgical removal (e.g., embolectomy, craniotomy)
  • -graph: Instrument that records (e.g., electrocardiograph (ECG))
  • -graphy: Process of recording (e.g., angiography, electrocardiography)
  • -lysis: Loosening, dissolution, separating (e.g., thrombolysis)
  • -pexy: Surgical fixation or suspension (e.g., neuropexy)
  • -plasty: Surgical repair (e.g., angioplasty)
  • -tomy: Cut into, incision (e.g., neurotomy, arteriotomy)
Inflammation & Disease Processes 
 
  • -itis: Inflammation (e.g., pericarditis, meningitis)
  • -sclerosis: Hardening (e.g., arteriosclerosis)
  • -stenosis: Narrowing or constriction (e.g., aortic stenosis)
  • -stasis: Stopping, controlling, or stagnation (e.g., hemostasis, venous stasis)
Blood & Vessels (Cardiovascular Specific) 
 
  • -emia: Condition of blood (e.g., hyperlipidemia)
  • -megaly: Enlargement (e.g., cardiomegaly)
Definition
Term

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Word Roots

Cardiovascular System Word Roots 
 
    • angi/o: (vessel)
    • aort/o: (aorta)
    • arteri/o: (artery)
  • arteriol/o: (arteriole)
  • ather/o: (fatty plaque)
  • atri/o: (atrium)
  • cardi/o: (heart)
  • coron/o: (heart, crown, or circle)
  • ech/o: (sound)
  • electr/o: (electricity)
  • hem/o: (blood)
  • isch/o: (deficiency, blockage)
  • my/o: (muscle)
  • plasm/o: (plasma)
  • sangu/o: (blood)
  • thromb/o: (clot)
  • valv/o: (valve)
  • vas/o: (vessel)
  • ven/o: (vein)
  • ventricul/o: (ventricle)
  • vascul/o: (little vessel)
Nervous System Word Roots 
 
  • agles/o: (sensitivity to pain)
  • cerebell/o: (cerebellum)
  • cerebr/o: (cerebrum)
  • cephal/o: (head)
  • dur/o: (dura mater)
  • encephal/o: (brain)
  • esthesi/o: (sensation, sensitivity)
  • gangli/o: (ganglion)
  • gli/o: (glia)
  • mening/o: (meninges)
  • ment/o: (mind)
  • myel/o: (spinal cord)
  • neur/o: (nerve)
Definition
Term

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Abbreviations

Cardiovascular Abbreviations 
 
  • AAA: Abdominal aortic aneurysm
  • CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft
  • CAD: Coronary artery disease
  • CHD: Congenital or coronary heart disease
  • CHF: Congestive heart failure
  • CO: Cardiac output
  • CPR: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • CVD: Cardiovascular disease
  • EKG/ECG: Electrocardiogram
  • MI: Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
  • PVC: Premature ventricular contraction
  • VT: Ventricular tachycardia
Nervous System Abbreviations 
 
  • AD: Alzheimer's disease
  • ALS: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • A.C.: Air conduction
  • CBF: Cerebral blood flow
  • CBS: Corticobasal syndrome
  • CNS: Central nervous system
  • CP: Cerebral palsy
  • CVA: Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
  • Dementia: A common term, but without a single, short abbreviation
  • MS: Multiple sclerosis
  • PNS: Peripheral nervous system
  • REM: Rapid eye movement (as in REM sleep)
  • SCI: Spinal cord injury
  • TIA: Transient ischemic attack (mini-stroke)
  • TBI: Traumatic brain injury
  • WPW: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
  • SCA: Sudden cardiac arrest
Definition
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